玉米‖马铃薯接种AMF对坡耕地水土及氮素流失的影响  

Effects of Maize Intercropping Potato Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Soil Erosion and Nitrogen Losses in Slope Farmland

作　　者：赵桂茹[1] 程易 杨友琼[1] 周锋[1] 姚高乾 吕凯 安曈昕[1] ZHAO Guiru;CHENG Yi;YANG Youqiong;ZHOU Feng;YAO Gaoqian;LYU Kai;AN Tongxin(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期523-529,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项-绿色食品国际合作研究中心项目(2019ZG00902);国家自然科学基金项目(31660378)。

摘　　要：【目的】开展玉米‖马铃薯接种丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)的田间试验,为控制坡耕地水土及氮素流失、减轻农业面源污染和提高作物产量收益提供理论依据。【方法】研究不同处理T_(1)(玉米‖马铃薯+接种AMF)、T_(2)(玉米‖马铃薯+施用苯菌灵)、T_(3)(玉米‖马铃薯)、T_(4)(玉米单作)和T_(5)(马铃薯单作)对坡耕地水土和氮素流失的影响。【结果】在作物整个生育期内的不同雨强下,间作处理的径流量和侵蚀量均低于单作处理,其中,T_(1)处理的径流总量和侵蚀总量最小,径流总量较T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(4)和T_(5)处理分别减少47.67%、22.52%、72.97%和77.23%,侵蚀总量分别减少65.20%、50.01%、77.10%和96.95%。T_(1)和T_(3)处理的氮素流失总量显著低于其他处理(P<0.05),T_(1)处理较T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(4)和T_(5)处理分别减少56.48%、21.45%、69.70%和70.66%。说明T_(1)处理对水土流失和氮素流失控制效果最好。【结论】玉米‖马铃薯间作体系接种AMF可以有效控制水土及氮素流失,为保持坡耕地水土及氮素资源提供新途径。[Purpose]The field experiment of maize intercropping potato inoculated with arbuscu-lar mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)was carried out,which provided a theoretical basis for controlling the loss of soil,water and nitrogen in sloping farmland,reducing agricultural non-point source pollution and improving crop yield and income.[Method]The effects of five different treatments including T_(1)(maize and potato intercropping+inoculation of AMF),T_(2)(maize and potato intercropping+benomyl),T_(3)(maize and potato intercropping),T_(4)(maize monoculture),and T_(5)(potato monoculture)on soil erosion and nitrogen loss in sloping farmland were studied.[Results]Under different rain-fall intensities,the runoff and erosion amount of maize and potato intercropping treatment were lower than those of single cropping treatment in the period of crop growth.Among them,the total amount of runoff and erosion in T_(1) treatment were the smallest.The total runoff amount of T_(1) treatment was 47.67%,22.52%,72.97%and 77.23%lower than those in T_(2),T_(3),T_(4) and T_(5) treatments,respe-ctively;the total erosion amount of T_(1) treatment was 65.20%,50.01%,77.10%and 96.95%lower than those in T_(2),T_(3),T_(4) and T_(5) treatments,respectively.The total nitrogen loss of T_(1) and T_(3) treatments was significantly lower than that of other treatments(P<0.05),and the total nitrogen loss of T_(1) treatment was lower than that of T_(2),T_(3),T_(4) and T_(5) treatments by 56.48%,21.45%,69.70%and 70.66%,respect-ively,indicating that the T_(1) treatment had the best control effect on soil erosion and nitrogen loss.[Conclusion]Inoculation of AMF in maize and potato intercropping system can effectively con-trol soil erosion and nitrogen loss,providing a new way to maintain soil and water and nitrogen re-sources in sloping farmland.

关 键 词：玉米 马铃薯 间作 丛枝菌根真菌 水土流失 氮素流失 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]