水分胁迫对不同熟性马铃薯生理特性的影响  

Effect of Water Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Potato Cultivars with Different Maturities

作　　者：闫文渊 秦军红[1] 段绍光[1] 徐建飞[1] 简银巧 金黎平[1] 李广存[1] YAN Wenyuan;QIN Junhong;DUAN Shaoguang;XU Jianfei;JIAN Yinqiao;JIN Liping;LI Guangcun(Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Tuber Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部薯类作物生物学和遗传育种重点实验室,中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2022年第5期44-52,共9页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD10008001);国家马铃薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-9)。

摘　　要：为了明确水分亏缺对不同熟性马铃薯生长发育的影响。采用盆栽试验,研究4种土壤相对含水量(W1,75%~85%;W2,55%~65%;W3,35%~45%;W4,15%~25%)对不同熟性的7个马铃薯品种株高、叶绿素相对含量、各器官鲜质量、光合特性、产量及水分利用率的影响。结果表明,所有水分胁迫下,早熟品种株高、胞间CO_(2)浓度平均下降幅度均大于晚熟品种。重度干旱胁迫(土壤相对含水量15%~25%)下早熟品种单株结薯数量与单株产量平均下降幅度均大于晚熟品种,而净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度平均下降幅度均小于晚熟品种。综合各指标可知,在轻中度干旱胁迫(土壤相对含水量35%~85%)下早熟和晚熟马铃薯品种均可种植;重度干旱胁迫下,更适宜栽培晚熟马铃薯品种。In order to clarify the impact of soil water deficit on growth and development of potato cultivars with different maturities,this paper conducted pot experiment and studied the effects of 4 soil relative water content regimes(W1,75%-85%;W2,55%-65%;W3,35%-45%;W4,15%-25%)on plant height,relative chlorophyll content,fresh weight of organs,photosynthetic characteristics,yield and water use rate of 7 potato cultivars with different maturities.The results indicated that under all water stress the average falling ranges of plant height and intercellular CO_(2) concentration of early-maturing varieties were greater than that of the late-maturing varieties.Under severe drought stress(soil relative water content 15%-25%)the average declining ranges of tuberization number and yield of single plant in early-maturing varieties were all greater than that of the late-maturing varieties;while,the average falling ranges of net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were all less than that of the late-maturing varieties.Considering various indicators,both early-maturing and late-maturing varieties could be planted under light and moderate drought stress(soil relative water content 35%-85%).Late-maturing potato varieties were more suitable to be cultivated under severe drought stress.

关 键 词：熟性 马铃薯 水分胁迫 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]