社区老年人内在能力现状及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of intrinsic capacity and influencing factors in community-dwelling elderly people

作　　者：王海妍 张洁[1] 李晶[1] 李虹[1] 吴娟[1] 沈姞[1] 武文斌[1] 袁莹[1] Wang Haiyan;Zhang Jie;Li Jing;Li Hong;Wu Juan;Shen Ji;Wu Wenbin;Yuan Ying(Geriatric Medicine Ward,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院老年医学病房,国家老年医学中心,中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2022年第5期591-595,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：北京医院"科技新星"项目(BJ-2020-090)。

摘　　要：目的了解社区老年人内在能力现状及其影响因素,为改善老年人内在能力、制定管理策略、提高老年人生活质量提供参考依据。方法采取方便抽样的方法于2020年11—12月对北京市236例社区老年人进行调查,采用一般资料调查、内在能力相关影响因素调查问卷、世界卫生组织内在能力调查表进行调查,多因素Logistic回归分析老年人内在能力的影响因素。结果236例社区老年人中,内在能力较好(≥4分)的老年人有132例(55.9%)、内在能力较差(<4分)的老年人有104例(44.1%),总体内在能力平均得分为(3.39±0.95)分;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(OR=2.005、95%CI:1.093~3.676、P=0.025)、年龄(OR=1.727、95%CI:1.043~2.860、P=0.034)、社会参与(OR=0.321、95%CI:0.170~0.604、P<0.001)、休闲娱乐(OR=2.073、95%CI:1.079~3.985、P=0.029)、运动锻炼(OR=2.975、95%CI:1.761~3.784、P=0.039)、睡眠(OR=0.508、95%CI:0.265~0.973、P=0.041)、情绪(OR=0.436、95%CI:0.196~0.970、P=0.042)是社区老年人内在能力的影响因素。结论社区老年人内在能力水平处于中等水平,性别、年龄、社会参与、休闲娱乐、运动锻炼、睡眠、情绪是内在能力水平的影响因素,因根据影响因素有针对性地制定干预策略,通过改善日常生活行为方式维持良好的内在能力,降低重大健康事件带来的不良影响。Objective To investigate the level of intrinsic capacity in community-dwelling elderly people and the influencing factors,in order to provide supporting evidence for the improvement of intrinsic capacity,formulation of management strategies,and promotion of quality of life for the elderly.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out from November 2020 to December 2020 with 236 community-dwelling elderly people in Beijing,who were recruited through a convenience sampling method.The investigation used questionnaires for general data and influencing factors for intrinsic capacity,and the World Health Organization intrinsic capacity questionnaire.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors for intrinsic capacity of the elderly.Results Among 236 community-dwelling elderly people,132(55.9%)had fair intrinsic capacity(≥4 points)and 104(44.1%)had poor intrinsic capacity(<4 points),with an average score of(3.39±0.95).Multiple Logistic regression analysis results showed that sex(OR=2.005,95%CI:1.093-3.676,P=0.025),age(OR=1.727,95%CI:1.043-2.860,P=0.034),social participation(OR=0.321,95%CI:0.170-0.604,P<0.001),entertainment(OR=2.073,95%CI:1.079-3.985,P=0.029),exercise(OR=2.975,95%CI:1.761-3.784,P=0.039),sleep(OR=0.508,95%CI:0.265-0.973,P=0.041),and emotions(OR=0.436,95%CI:0.196-0.970,P=0.042)were influencing factors for intrinsic capacity of community-dwelling elderly people.Conclusions The intrinsic capacity of community-dwelling elderly people is in the middle range.Sex,age,social participation,entertainment,exercise,sleep,and emotions can affect intrinsic capacity.Therefore,intervention strategies based on influencing factors and improvement of lifestyles can help maintain good intrinsic capacity and reduce adverse effects of major health events.

关 键 词：认知 内在能力 营养评价 生活方式 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]