单细胞转录组测序在年龄相关性黄斑变性研究中的应用  

Application of single-cell RNA-sequencing in age-related macular degeneration

作　　者：安宁 张福燕[1,3] 秦波 Ning An;Fu-Yan Zhang;Bo Qin(Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550000,Guizhou Province,China;Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University,Shenzhen 518032,Guangdong Province,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550000,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学,中国贵州省贵阳市550000 [2]暨南大学附属深圳爱尔眼科医院,中国广东省深圳市518032 [3]贵州医科大学附属医院眼科,中国贵州省贵阳市550000

出　　处：《国际眼科杂志》2022年第6期964-968,共5页International Eye Science

基　　金：爱尔眼科医院集团科研基金项目(No.AM2001D2,AM2101D1)。

摘　　要：年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)是临床中常见的老年性致盲性眼病,可造成中心视力的不可逆丧失,其发病机制复杂,尚未阐明,治疗方法有限,诊疗效果不佳。传统的转录组测序方法基于细胞群体水平获得细胞群的平均差异,或反映数量占优势细胞的生物信息,而单细胞转录组测序(scRNA-seq)能对单个细胞的mRNA进行转录组分析,可用于发现新的细胞亚型、揭示细胞异质性、鉴定罕见细胞、理解细胞分化。本文简述了scRNA-seq的技术原理,及其在视网膜、脉络膜发育及ARMD研究中的应用,提出了该项技术的缺陷和新兴技术的发展趋势,为深入研究视网膜、脉络膜生理学、ARMD疾病病理生理学及其发病机制提供新的思路及视角,以期对ARMD的靶向治疗提供理论依据。Age-related macular degeneration(ARMD)is the most common eye disease that can cause irreversible loss of central vision in the elderly population.Since the complexity of the pathogenesis in ARMD,the underlying mechanism remains uncovered,and treatment limited.Conventional bulk transcriptome sequencing strategies can only provide the average gene profile in the dominant cells,while single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq)is able to reveal the mRNA transcriptome at a single-cell level.The ScRNA-seq has been applied to discover novel cell subtypes,reveal intercellular heterogeneity,and unveil the process of cell differentiation.In this paper,we reviewed the technical principle of scRNA-seq and its application in retinal,choroid development and ARMD research,raised the defection of scRNA-seq and trended in emerging technologies,provided the new insights and perspectives for the in-depth study of retinal and choroid physiology,pathophysiology,and pathogenesis of ARMD diseases.It is hoped to provide theoretical foundation for the targeted therapy of ARMD.

关 键 词：单细胞 转录组测序 视网膜 年龄相关性黄斑变性 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]