组合式超声波芽苗菜栽培装置的设计  

A Combined Ultrasonic Device for Sprouting Vegetable Cultivation

作　　者：郭翼[1] 张桂琴 GUO Yi;ZHANG Guiqin(Department of Horticulture,Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture,Beijing 102442;Beijing Green Valley Sprouts Limited Liability Company,Beijing 100074)

机构地区：[1]北京农业职业学院,北京102442 [2]北京绿山谷芽菜有限责任公司,北京100074

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第12期159-164,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目“多方受益的资源优化城市循环农业研究与示范”(2017YFE0118500)。

摘　　要：芽苗菜营养丰富、绿色无污染、具有广阔的发展前景,但是芽苗菜栽培管理工作量大,专用设备较少,限制了芽苗菜的推广。为解决芽苗菜栽培对于自动化管理的需要,设计了一种组合式超声波芽苗菜栽培装置。该装置由底座、催芽系统、栽培系统、补光系统、控制系统等组成。利用该装置进行的豌豆和萝卜等芽苗菜栽培试验,结果表明:该装置采用的自动化控制系统,可以实现催芽系统和栽培系统的自动供水,以及补光系统的自动补光,在栽培过程中无须人工管理。催芽系统和栽培系统采用超声波方式进行雾化,不仅可以满足芽苗菜对水分的需求,还能协调根系的水气供应矛盾,使芽苗菜发芽和生长速度提高,并减少烂根等现象。该装置可以根据用户需要选用一个或多个栽培系统进行组合,组合方式灵活,使芽苗菜栽培过程实现了自动化,对芽苗菜的推广具有重要的意义。Sprouting vegetables are nutritious and environment-friendly,which possess broad prospects for development.However,the promotion of sprouting vegetables has been impeded by the large workload and limited specialized equipment for production.To satisfy the demand of automatic management in sprouting vegetable cultivation,a combined ultrasonic device was designed.The device is composed of base plate,pregermination system,cultivation system,lighting system and control system.Using the device,experiments were carried out on pea and radish sprouts cultivation.The results show that without manual management,the automatic control system could realize the automatic water supply for the pre-germination and cultivation system,as well as the automatic light supplement for the lighting system.Additionally,using ultrasonic atomization in the pre-germination and cultivation system could not only satisfy the water requirement of sprouts,but also coordinate the contradiction of water and air supply of roots,thus accelerating the growth of sprouts while reducing the frequency of rotten roots.The combination mode of the device is flexible,which allows users to select one or more cultivation systems for the combined use according to their requirements.In short,the device could realize automation in sprouting vegetable cultivation,and is of certain significance for the promotion of sprouting vegetables.

关 键 词：超声波 栽培装置 芽苗菜 组合式 自动化 气雾栽培 

分 类 号：S223[农业科学—农业机械化工程]