多波束三维成像激光雷达高精度收发匹配方法研究  

High accuracy alignment method for the transceiver of a multi-beam 3D imaging LiDAR

作　　者：潘超 李凉海 曹海翊[2] 赵一鸣 刘宇哲 PAN Chao;LI Lianghai;CAO Haiyi;ZHAO Yiming;LIU Yuzhe(Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry,Beijing 100076,China;Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite,China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京遥测技术研究所,北京100076 [2]中国空间技术研究院遥感卫星总体部,北京100094

出　　处：《遥测遥控》2022年第3期62-70,共9页Journal of Telemetry,Tracking and Command

基　　金：中国航天科技集团自主研发项目宽幅激光三维测量与复合成像技术资助。

摘　　要：三维成像激光雷达技术为空间地理信息获取、目标立体探测提供了新的技术途径。以多波束并行收发、单光子阵列探测为特征的新一代三维成像激光雷达可提升雷达探测灵敏度、激光成像帧频与成像效率,从而实现远距离快速激光三维成像。三维成像激光雷达的激光发散角与接收视场需角秒量级的匹配精度。随着系统波束数量的增加,几十甚至上百波束的高精度收发波束匹配是系统设计装调的难点。聚焦多波束单光子阵列三维成像激光雷达的收发匹配难题,设计了基于衍射分束激光发射与光纤阵列接收的收发光学系统,提出了一种多波束激光雷达收发波束匹配方法,并对该方法的收发匹配误差源以及温度对其影响进行了详细分析仿真。实验验证结果表明,可实现64波束优于10μrad的匹配误差,在工作温度范围内总的收发失配优于20.78μrad,满足本系统设计时25.5μrad的收发匹配裕量,系统对环境温度有较好的适应性,具有良好的工程应用前景。3D imaging LiDAR technology provides a new technical way for spatial geographic information acquisition and target stereo detection.The new generation of 3D imaging LiDAR characterized by multi-beam parallel transceiver and single photon array detection can improve radar detection sensitivity,laser imaging frame rate and imaging efficiency,so as to realize long-distance and fast laser 3D imaging.In the 3D imaging LiDAR system,the transceiver alignment accuracy between the laser divergence angle and the receiving field of view needs to be in order of angular seconds.With the increase of system beams,the transceiver alignment of tens or even hundreds of beams is the difficulty of system design and adjustment.This paper focuses on the problem of multi-beam transceiver alignment,designs the transceiver optical system based on diffraction beam splitting and fiber array,puts forward a transceiver beam matching method of multi-beam LiDAR,analyzes and simulates the transceiver matching error source of this method and the influence of temperature on it in detail.The experimental results show that the matching method in this paper can achieve the matching error of 64 beams better than 10μrad,and the total transceiver mismatch in the working temperature range is better than 20.78μrad,which meets the transceiver matching margin of 25.5μrad in the design of the system.The system has good adaptability to the ambient temperature and has a good engineering application prospect.

关 键 词：多波束 三维成像激光雷达 收发匹配 单光子探测 

分 类 号：TN958.98[电子电信—信号与信息处理]