一次重力波对黄海海雾发生、发展的影响研究  

A Case Study of the Effect of Gravity Waves on the Appearance and Development of Yellow Sea Fog

作　　者：宋美琪 张苏平 戴光耀[3] Song Meiqi;Zhang Suping;Dai Guangyao(Department of Marine Atmospheric, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;The Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography,Ocean-Atmospheric Interaction and Climate Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;Department of Marine Technology, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院海洋气象系,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室,海洋-大气相互作用与气候重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学院海洋技术系,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期27-38,共12页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2019YFC1510102);国家自然科学基金项目(41876130)资助。

摘　　要：2014年5月17—18日“东方红2号”科考船在黄海捕捉到一次海雾过程中的重力波活动迹象。本文利用船测、卫星云图和再分析资料,结合中尺度模式天气研究和预报系统(WRF,Weather Research and Forecasting)模式下嵌套的大涡模式(LES,Large-Eddy Simulations)模拟,对此次海雾进行研究,分析重力波在海雾生成和发展阶段的作用。分析表明:(1)此次海雾过程中船载激光测风雷达测得的重力波波长800~1000 m,周期6~8 min,位相向东北方向传播,相速约2 m/s;船载自动气象站和涡动相关通量观测系统记录的能见度、温度和垂直速度等存在周期为5~8 min的规律振荡;中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)卫星显示的海雾云图上呈现了与重力波有关的滚轴状特征。(2)垂直速度振幅增大,伴随降温、增湿,在原来已经接近饱和的气层中,增强的湍流混合作用使混合层空气达到过饱和并发生凝结,液态水含量增大,在长波辐射冷却机制共同作用下,海雾生成并发展。(3)基于WRF模式下嵌套LES模式,较为准确地重现了海雾过程中出现的重力波特征,模式结果验证了重力波对海雾的发生起到触发作用。Gravity wave activity in the Yellow Sea fog observed by the Coherent Doppler Wind Lidar(CDWL)on board the research vessel“Dongfanghong 2”on May 17-18,2014.In this paper,we use ship,satellite and reanalysis data,combined with WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)nested LES(Large-Eddy Simulation)model,to study this sea fog and analyze the role of gravity waves in the gene-ration and development stages of sea fog.The analysis shows that(1)The gravity wave measured by CDWL has a wavelength of 800~1000 m,a period of 6~8 min,propagates in the northeast direction with a phase speed of about 2 m/s,during the sea fog.There are regular oscillations with a period of 5~8 min in visibility,temperature and vertical velocity recorded by automatic weather stations and flux meters,and there are also structural features of gravity waves in the fog shown by satellite cloud maps.(2)The increase in vertical velocity amplitude is accompanied by cooling and humidification,and the enhanced vertical mixing action in the originally already near-saturated air layer causes the air at the top of the mixed layer to reach supersaturation and condensation,and the liquid water content increases.Under the combined effect of long-wave radiation cooling mechanism,sea fog is generated and developed.(3)The WRF nested LES model reproduces the sea fog process more accurately,and the model results verify that gravity waves play a triggering role in the development of sea fog.

关 键 词：海雾 重力波 湍流混合 激光雷达 WRF模式 LES模式 

分 类 号：P732.2[天文地球—海洋科学]