阈上阈下启动刺激在不同锻炼人群中引发自动评价的特点  

Automatic Evaluation of Supraliminal and Subliminally Presentation of Exercis-Related Stimuli in Different Exercise Groups

作　　者：朱昭红 孙令令 ZHU Zhaohong;SUN Lingling(School of Exercise and Health Sciences,Xi’an Physical Education University,Xi’an 710068;Huaiyang High School Henan Province,Zhoukou 466700)

机构地区：[1]西安体育学院运动与健康科学学院,西安710068 [2]河南省淮阳中学,周口466700

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2022年第2期182-189,共8页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：国家体育总局全民健身研究领域课题(2015B082);国家重点研发计划课题子课题(2020YFC2006904)。

摘　　要：双加工理论认为锻炼行为形成中自动加工(系统1)和熟虑加工(系统2)是两个相互作用但又截然不同的信息处理系统,其中自动评价通过触发系统1的自动加工过程激活运动记忆自发的心理联想,并对运动进行情感评价,从而影响锻炼行为。本研究的目的是检测锻炼相关刺激在不同锻炼人群中引发的自动评价特点。采用评价启动任务范式,实验1和实验2分别给予阈上和阈下锻炼词或非锻炼词作为启动刺激,之后要求被试对积极或者消极目标词进行按键反应。研究结果显示无论阈上还是阈下呈现锻炼启动词,均表现为锻炼组对积极目标词反应速度更快。结果表明:锻炼人群对于锻炼词具有积极自动评价。According to the dual-process theory, automatic processing(type-1) and reflective processing(type-2) are two interactive but distinct information processing systems in exercise behavior formation, including automatic evaluation by triggering the automatic type-1 process and activating spontaneous mental associations of motor memory, an automatic affective valuation follows, thus affecting the exercise behavior. The goal of this study was to test whether exercise-related stimuli can elicit automatic evaluation responses and the characteristics of automatic evaluation between highly active exercisers and less exercisers. By using the evaluative priming task, supraliminally and subliminally primed words depicting exercise or non-exercise were presented in experiment 1 and 2, and then participants were asked to respond to positive or negative words. The results showed that the exercise group responded significantly faster to the positive target words than the non-exercise group when presented with supraliminal and subliminal exercise priming words. These findings indicate that only exercise group gives automatic positive evaluations of exercise words.

关 键 词：自动评价 双加工理论 评价启动任务 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]