词汇系统视野下上古宗庙四时祭研究  

Research on Seasonal Sacrifice at Ancestral Templein Ancient China from the Perspective of Vocabulary System

作　　者：田瑞 TIAN Rui(School of Arts,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学文学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期74-79,共6页Journal of Lanzhou University of Arts and Science(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“汉语词汇孳生与汉字形体繁衍关系研究”(21BYY028)。

摘　　要：宗庙四时祭是四季对祖先进行的祭祀,其特点是以新获作物进献先祖。春秋战国时期文献对宗庙四时祭的名称记录不一,因此,东汉以来的学者一直就上古时代是否举行宗庙四时祭争论不断。从词汇系统角度考察,认为上古时代是宗庙四时祭的形成、定型期:其源于殷商荐新之“登”祭;周代纳入“尝”祭;春秋战国时期宗庙四时祭形成,但多种祭祀制度并立;汉代定型为“祠、礿、尝、烝”。The seasonal sacrifice at ancestral temple was a kind of sacrifice to ancestors in the four seasons.It was characterized by offering the ancestors with new crops.There were different records on the names of the seasonal sacrifice in the literature of Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period.Therefore,scholars from the Eastern Han Dynasty had been debating whether to hold the seasonal sacrifice in ancient China.From the perspective of vocabulary system,this paper held that the ancient times were the formation and formalization of the seasonal sacrifice,which originated from the“Deng(登)”of Shang Dynasty,the“Chang(尝)”was included in the Zhou Dynasty.The seasonal sacrifice formatted during the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period,however,there were many kinds of sacrificial systems.Finally,the seasonal sacrifice was formalized as“Ci(祠),Yue(礿),Chang(尝),Zheng(烝)”in Han Dynasty.

关 键 词：词汇系统 上古 宗庙四时祭 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]