不同间作模式茶园对土壤理化性质和茶叶化学成分的影响  

The Effects of Different Intercropping Tea Plantations on Tea Chemical Components, Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

作　　者：马占霞 孙武 李鑫鑫 郭雨桐 尹丽娜 徐章霄 MA Zhanxia;SUNWuLI Xinxin;GUO Yutong;YIN Lina;XU Zhangxiao(West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences College of Tea(Pu'er),Pu'er,Yunnan 665000,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Plantation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Menglun,Yunnan 666303,China)

机构地区：[1]滇西应用技术大学普洱茶学院,云南普洱665000 [2]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园/热带森林生态学重点实验室,云南勐仑666303

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2022年第5期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：滇西应用技术大学应用基础研究一般项目(No.2018XJKY0009);云南省应用基础研究项目(No.2016FA017)。

摘　　要：为探究茶园不同间作模式对土壤理化性质及茶叶品质的影响,筛选出适合西双版纳地区的间作模式,选择台地茶园(普通生产型单作茶园)、未管理茶园(过度使用肥料,土壤结构被破坏,搁置多年未管理的茶园)、槟榔—茶、橡胶—茶、芒果—茶、铁刀木—茶、糖胶树—茶7种不同种植模式的茶园为试验样地,分别采集茶园内的土壤和茶叶,进行理化指标测定分析。结果显示:(1)不同间作模式对各茶叶化学物质含量影响显著(p<0.05),对除pH外的土壤理化性质影响均显著。(2)未管理茶园土壤有效磷含量最低,其余土壤指标最高;橡胶—茶园土壤阳离子交换量最低,有效磷含量相对较低;槟榔—茶园除土壤阳离子交换量和有效磷含量外,其余土壤养分指标均为最低;铁刀木—茶园茶叶缩合单宁—儿茶素等效物和类黄酮含量最低;芒果—茶和未管理茶园,以及台地茶园茶叶半纤维素和木质素含量最低;槟榔—茶园纤维素含量最低,缩合单宁—儿茶素等效物含量高于其他茶园;糖胶树—茶园的茶叶各理化性质适中;橡胶—茶园的茶叶纤维素含量和半纤维素含量均为最高。间作模式对茶园的土壤和茶叶理化指标影响显著,长期不合理的栽培管理方式会破坏土壤营养构成,芒果树是茶园间作树种的较好选择,糖胶树—茶间作可提高资源利用率,适度适量的施肥和栽培管理措施会更有利于立体复合型生态茶园的建设。In order to explore the effects of different intercropping patterns on soil physical and chemical properties and tea quality, and select suitable intercropping patterns in Xishuangbanna,seven different intercropping patterns of tea plantations were selected as the experimental plots, including tableland tea plantation(common production type monoculture tea plantation), unmanaged tea plantation(excessive use of fertilizer, soil structure destroyed, and unmanaged tea plantation for many years), betel nut and tea, rubber and tea, mango and tea, Senna siamea and tea, sugar gum tree and tea. The physical and chemical indexes were determined and analyzed. The results showed that:(1) Different intercropping patterns had significant effects on the contents of chemical substances in tea leaves(p < 0.05), and had significant effects on soil physical and chemical properties except pH.(2) Cluster analysis showed that the content of available phosphorus in unmanaged tea plantation soil was the lowest, and the other soil indexes were the highest;The soil cation exchange capacity of rubber tea intercropping was the lowest, and the content of available phosphorus was relatively low;Except for soil cation exchange capacity and available phosphorus content, other soil nutrient indexes of betel nut tea intercropping plantation were the lowest;The other tea plantation except soil available phosphorus was relatively high. The content of condensed tannin catechin equivalent and flavonoid in Senna siamea-tea plantation was the lowest. The content of cellulose in betel nut tea intercropping plantation was the lowest,and the content of condensed tannin catechin equivalent was higher than that in other tea plantations. The physical and chemical properties of tea in sugar gum tree-tea plantation were moderate. The content of cellulose and hemicellulose in rubber tea intercropping plantation was the highest. Mango tree was a good choice for intercropping in tea plantation. Intercropping in sugar gum forest could improve the utilization rate

关 键 词：间作茶园 间作树种 土壤理化性质 茶叶理化性质 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]