论劳动合同中止事由之不可抗力  

On the Force Majeure of the Reasons for Suspension of Labor Contracts

作　　者：孙国平[1] 姜飞菲 Sun Guoping;Jiang Feifei(Soochow University,Suzhou 215006,Jiangsu,China;Fangben Law Office,Suzhou 215000,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215006 [2]上海方本律师事务所,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《贵州省党校学报》2022年第3期115-128,共14页Journal of Guizhou Provincial Party School

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“劳动关系断裂背景下我国劳动法反思与重构研究”(项目批准号:18BFX197)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：新冠疫情暴发导致大量劳动合同不能履行,为维护劳动关系和社会秩序稳定,政府出台相关政策限制企业的单方解除权,用人单位则以不可抗力为由中止劳动合同。但是,我国劳动合同中止制度缺乏统一立法,导致地方立法和司法实践不一,不可抗力规则作为私法中的法定免责事由,与劳动法的价值理念相冲突,且不可抗力事件范围的认定标准模糊、不可抗力条款的可约定性易被用人单位滥用,因此不宜直接适用于劳动合同。此外,不可抗力与劳动合同中止的制度功能不同,其作为中止事由有违公平原则,与既有劳动法规不符,鲜被司法实践认同。The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to the failure of a large number of labor contracts.In order to maintain the stability of labor relations and social order,the government has issued relevant policies to limit the unilateral dismissal right of employers,and the employers suspended the labor contract on the ground of force majeure to reduce the financial pressure of enterprises.However,there is a lack of unified legislation for the labor contract suspension in China,which leads to the inconsistency of local legislation and judicial practice,and the destruction of judicial authority and stability.The vague identification standard of the scope of force majeure events and the agreement of force majeure clauses are easy to lead to abuse by employers,so they should not be directly applicable to labor contracts.In addition,force majeure has different institutional functions from the suspension of labor contract.As a cause of suspension,it violates the principle of fairness and is inconsistent with existing labor laws and regulations,which is rarely recognized by judicial practice.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 劳动合同中止 不可抗力事件 不可抗力条款 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]