正念在缓解社会排斥中的作用  

The role of mindfulness in alleviating ostracism

作　　者：陈婧[1,2] 王玉正 王锦琰[1,2] 罗非 CHEN Jing;WANG Yuzheng;WANG Jinyan;LUO Fei(CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention,School of Psychology and Cognitive Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理健康重点实验室(中国科学院心理所),北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100049 [3]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海市心理健康与危机干预重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2022年第6期1294-1302,共9页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31970926);中国科学院心理研究所科研启动经费(Y9CX441005);上海市科技计划项目资助(20dz2260300);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助。

摘　　要：从三个角度(被排斥者,排斥者和旁观者)三个时间点(排斥发生前中后)出发,正念是否、何时以及如何在社会排斥情境中发挥作用这一系列问题被详细论述,并概述为一个正念和排斥相关的模型。该模型表明,排斥发生前,正念能够缓解被排斥者的拒绝敏感性;减少排斥者的排斥行为;排斥发生后,正念能够缓解被排斥者的痛苦,有助于旁观者的助人行为;排斥发生时,正念可能促进良好沟通,减少排斥恶化的可能性。未来研究可以针对正念在社会排斥中效益发生的机制以及边界条件方面进行深入的探讨。From three perspectives(target, source, and observer) and three time points(before, during, and after the occurrence of ostracism), a series of questions about whether, when, and how mindfulness can play a role in ostracism were analyzed in detail and summarized as a model relating mindfulness and ostracism.The model demonstrates that before ostracism occurs, mindfulness may alleviate rejection sensitivity and reduce rejection behaviors. After ostracism occurs, mindfulness may alleviate pain and contribute to the helping behavior of observers. When ostracism occurs, mindfulness may promote good communication and reduce the likelihood of ostracism deterioration. More empirical research is needed to explore the mechanisms and the boundary conditions of the benefits of mindfulness on ostracism.

关 键 词：正念 社会排斥 排斥者 被排斥者 旁观者 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]