滇中元谋土壤养分元素分布特征及异常分析  

Distribution characteristics and anomaly analysis of soil nutrient elements in Yuanmou county, Central Yunnan province

作　　者：徐杰 张亚 王浩宇 程琰勋 徐磊 瞿镪 XU Jie;ZHANG Ya;WANG Hao-yu;CHENG Yan-xun;XU Lei;QU Qiang(Natural resources comprehensive investigation center of China Geological Survey,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心,昆明650000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第5期1151-1158,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局“滇中楚雄地区土地质量地球化学调查”项目(DD20208070)。

摘　　要：【目的】查明元谋县土壤中养分元素的分布特征,从根本上掌握该区土壤的养分问题,得出合理的土地利用及改良建议,提高该地区土地管理和设计技术水平,科学使用土地,促进农业经济健康发展。【方法】运用传统地球化学、地质学和生态学相结合的研究方法,在元谋县全域以1.2件/km^(2)的密度采集2368件表层土壤样品,组合成513件分析样品,筛选处理后剩余510组分析数据。运用Excel、SPSS等对数据的特征参数进行统计分析,建立有关元素异常的数学模型,最后参照有关规范,用GeoIPAS和ArcGIS进行图件制作和成果集成。【结果】元谋县表层土壤中养分元素有机碳(Corg)、氮(N)、磷(P)、氧化钾(K_(2)O)、氧化镁(MgO)、锰(Mn)、钼(Mo)、锌(Zn)、全铁(TFe_(2)O_(3))、铜(Cu)、硼(B)分布均衡,其中,主量元素Corg和N含量整体偏低,二者相关系数R^(2)=0.66,呈显著正相关。中量元素硫(S)和氧化钙(CaO)均衡性低于其他元素且有异常表现,微量元素无异常。养分元素综合等级评价结果显示,丰富区域主要分布于姜驿乡西北部、物茂乡—江边乡—黄瓜园镇—平田乡沿线、老城乡和羊街镇东南部,与元谋县主要农产区的分布情况相符。【结论】Corg和N含量偏低诱因主要有两点:(1)土壤中砂质含量普遍较高,自身保水保肥能力不强;(2)除耕地集中区外,大部分植被荫蔽度较低的地区生物固碳和固氮能力弱。研究区耕地施用CaO比率较高,土壤中CaO含量受人为因素影响而导致均衡度偏低,未造成土壤污染和土质恶化。S缺乏程度高与干热河谷区脆弱的生态系统致使土壤中缺少有机硫相关。【Objective】The purpose of this study was to identify the distribution characteristics of nutrient elements in the soil of Yuanmou county,to grasp the nutrient problem of the soil in this area,to come up with reasonable suggestions for land use and improvement,to improve the technical level of land management and design in the area,to use the land scientifically and promote the healthy development of the agricultural economy.【Method】A total of 2368 topsoil samples were collected at a density of 1.2 samples/km^(2) throughout Yuanmou county,using the method combining traditional geochemistry,geology,and ecology,which were combined into 513 analysis samples,and 510 components were remained after screening and processing.The characteristic parameters of the data were analyzed using Excel,SPSS,etc.,and the mathematical models of abnormal elements were established.Finally,with reference to the relevant specifications,GeoIPAS and ArcGIS were used to create the maps and integrate the results.【Result】The distribution of organic carbon(Corg),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium oxide(K_(2)O),magnesium oxide(MgO),manganese(Mn),molybdenum(Mo),zinc(Zn),total iron(TFe_(2)O_(3)),copper(Cu),and boron(B)in the topsoil of Yuanmou county was balanced.Among them,the main element Corg and N content were low overall,and their correlation coefficient was significantly positive(R^(2)=0.66).The balance of sulfur(S)and calcium oxide(CaO)was lower than other elements,which showed abnormalities,and there were no abnormalities in trace elements.The results of comprehensive grade evaluation of nutrient elements showed that the rich area were mainly distributed in the northwest of Jiangyi town,the line of Wumao village-Jiangbian town-Huangguayuan town-Pingtian towns,Laocheng town and the southeast of Yangjie town,which was consistent with the distribution of the main agricultural areas in Yuanmou county.【Conclusion】There were two causes of the low contents of Corg and N were mainly two:(i)the sandy content of the soil was general

关 键 词：元谋 养分元素 地球化学 均衡度 干热河谷 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]