基于多维空间专利地图及可拓学的技术创新路径识别与评价  

Identification and Evaluation of Technological Innovation Path Based on Multi-dimensional Space Patent Map and Extenics

作　　者：王金凤[1] 徐正强 冯立杰 李康[1] Wang Jinfeng;Xu Zhengqiang;Feng Lijie;Li Kang(Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学,上海201306

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2022年第8期8-17,共10页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：科技部创新方法工作专项项目“中国情境下的创新方法研究与工具开发”(2018IM020300);“‘端端驱动,融合赋能’创新方法新系统研究与应用示范”(2019IM020200);上海市科技计划项目“元易创新方法在港航物流工程与海洋装备关键技术领域的应用研究”(20040501300)。

摘　　要：鉴于在目前的技术机会识别中存在研判的创新路径往往较为抽象和模糊,并在很多情况下需领域专家参与解读的问题,以冷库技术为例,研究构建基于文本挖掘、机器学习算法及多维空间专利地图的技术创新路径识别模型。首先,构建技术创新路径识别框架对相关专利文献进行分词、清洗等预处理并建立知识图谱;其次,采用融合词频-逆文档频率(TF-IDF)文本挖掘方法对专利文档提取关键词,继而采用隐含狄利克雷分布(LDA)算法对主题聚类降维并萃取创新维度;再次,依据目标技术问题和目标优选创新法则耦合变换于多维空间专利地图并具象出具有现实意义、有价值前景的创新路径;最后,利用可拓学计算各创新路径综合关联度评级优选。以期减少创新成本、提高创新效率,为企业精准开展技术创新、不断提升核心竞争力提供决策参考。Since the innovation paths in the current technology opportunity identification are often abstract and vague,and in many cases require the participation of experts in the field of interpretation,by taking cold storage technology as an example,this paper builds a technology innovation path identification model based on text mining,machine learning algorithms,and multidimensional spatial patent maps.Firstly,the technological innovation path identification framework is constructed to pre-process the relevant patent documents by word separation and cleaning and establish the knowledge map;secondly,the fused word frequency-inverse document frequency(TF-IDF)text mining method is used to extract keywords from patent documents,followed by the implicit Dirichlet distribution(LDA)algorithm to reduce the dimensionality of topic clustering and extract innovation dimensions;again,based on the target technical problem and the target.Finally,the topology is used to calculate comprehensive correlation degree of each innovation path.The paper aims to reduce innovation cost,improve innovation efficiency,and provide decisionmaking references for enterprises to accurately carry out technological innovation and continuously improve their core competitiveness.

关 键 词：创新路径识别 多维空间专利地图 可拓学 LDA TF-IDF 

分 类 号：F273[经济管理—企业管理] G301[经济管理—国民经济]