重思马克思的异化概念——基于“无关系的关系”视角  

Rethinking Marx’s Concept of Alienation——From the Perspective of “Unrelated Relationship”

作　　者：杨雷 Yang Lei(School of Philosophy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《社会科学论坛》2022年第3期25-33,共9页Tribune of Social Sciences

摘　　要：作为“法兰克福学派”第四代批判理论家的代表之一,拉埃尔·耶吉重构异化理论,从“无关系的关系”视角理解异化概念,认为异化意味着人与世界、他人以及自身之间存在着一种不充分、有缺陷的关系。这种缺陷的形式包括陌生化、工具化、碎片化、不真实感、倦怠感、荒谬感、虚无感。耶吉强调,异化是对人和世界建立积极关系的干扰和损害,使人丧失力量和意义。劳动主体站在内心信念的对立面,无法按照自己的意愿行事,无法认同自己所做的事情和构成自我的内容。克服异化的关键在于恢复“自我可及性”,亦即充分地理解自我,积极地与世界建立有意义的联系,合理地进行自我筹划,进行自我实现,从而过一种非疏离的生活。基于耶吉的观点,重新思考马克思的异化概念,对洞察资本主义条件下人的社会角色和生活形式具有启发意义。As one of the representatives of the fourth generation of critical theorists of the Frankfurt School, Rahel Jaeggi understands the concept of alienation from the perspective of “irrelevant relationship”. He holds that alienation means that there is an inadequate and defective relationship between man and the world, others and himself. The forms of these defects include defamiliarization, instrumentalization,fragmentation, unreality, burnout, absurdity and nothingness. Based on Yeji’s point of view, rethinking Marx’s concept of alienation is of enlightening significance to gain an insight into man’s social role and life style under capitalist conditions.

关 键 词：拉埃尔·耶吉 异化 马克思 积极自由 自我实现 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]