不同精粗比饲粮对育肥后期牦牛生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响  

Effects of Diets with Different Concentrate to Roughage Ratios on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibilitiesndexes and Rumen Fermentation Parame,Serum Biochemical Iters of Yak in Late Stage of Fattening

作　　者：李岩 戴东文 杨英魁 王迅[1,2,3] 刘书杰 红卫[4] 柴沙驼 王书祥 LI Yan;DAI Dongwen;YANG Yingkui;WANG Xun;LIU Shujie;HONG Wei;CHAI Shatuo;WANG Shuxiang(Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China;Yak Engineering Technology Research Centre of Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China;Ecological Animal Husbandry Professional Cooperative of Tuanjie Village,Xibusha Township,Zeku County,Zeku 811400,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海省高原放牧家畜营养与饲料科学重点实验室,西宁810016 [3]青海省牦牛工程技术研究中心,西宁810016 [4]泽库县西卜沙乡团结村生态畜牧业专业合作社,泽库811400

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第5期3056-3065,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：农牧交错带牛羊牧繁农育关键技术集成示范(16200158)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同精粗比饲粮对育肥后期牦牛生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响。选取36头健康状况良好、体重[(246.43±14.85) kg]相近的育肥后期公牦牛,随机分为3组,每组12头。各组分别饲喂精粗比为65∶35、70∶30和75∶25的试验饲粮,分别记为C65组、C70组和C75组。预试期15 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1) C65组和C70组的总增重和平均日增重显著高于C75组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于C75组(P<0.05)。2)C65组和C70组的干物质表观消化率显著高于C75组(P<0.05),C65组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于C75组(P<0.05),C65组的中性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于C70组和C75组(P<0.05)。3)C75组的血清球蛋白(GLB)含量和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著低于C65组和C70组(P<0.05)。4) C65组的瘤胃液pH和微生物蛋白含量显著高于C70组和C75组(P<0.05),C65组的瘤胃液氨态氮含量显著低于C70组和C75组(P<0.05),C65组的瘤胃液异丁酸和异戊酸含量显著低于C70组(P<0.05)。由此可见,增加饲粮精粗比可降低育肥后期牦牛总增重和平均日增重,对蛋白质的合成、营养物质的消化有一定的抑制作用。本试验条件下,育肥后期牦牛饲粮精粗比为65∶35时育肥效果最佳。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of diets with different concentrate to roughage ratios on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibilities,serum biochemical indexes and rumen fermentation parameters of yak in late stage of fattening. Thirty-six healthy male yaks in late stage of fattening with similar body weight[(246.43±14.85)kg]were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 12 yak in each group. Yak in 3 groups were fed experimental diets which the concentrate to roughage ratios were65 ∶35,70∶30 and 75∶25,respectively,as group C65,group C70 and group C75. The pre-experimental period lasted for 15 days,and the experimental period lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows:1)the total weight gain and average daily gain of group C65 and group C70 were significantly higher than those of group C75(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly lower than that of group C75(P<0.05). 2)The dry matter apparent digestibility of group C65 and group C70 was significantly higher than that of group C75(P < 0.05),the crude protein apparent digestibility of group C65 was significantly higher than that of group C75(P < 0.05),and the neutral detergent fiber apparent digestibility of group C65 was significantly higher than that of group C70 and group C75(P<0.05). 3)The serum globulin(GLB)content and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity of group C75 were significantly lower than those of group C65 and group C70(P<0.05). 4)The rumen fluid pH and microbial protein content of group C65 were significantly higher than those of group C70 and group C75(P<0.05),the rumen fluid ammonia nitrogen content of group C65 was significantly lower than that of group C70 and group C75(P<0.05),and the contents of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in rumen fluid of group C65 were significantly lower than those of group C70(P<0.05). In conclusion,increasing the dietary concentrate to roughage ratio can reduce the total weight gain and average daily weight gain of yak in late stage of fattening,

关 键 词：牦牛 营养物质表观消化率 血清生化指标 瘤胃发酵参数 精粗比 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]