生物对得克隆物种特异性立体异构体选择性富集及其潜在机理  

Species-specific Stereo-selective Enrichment of DP in Organisms and Their Possible Mechanisms

作　　者：刘红英[1] 罗孝俊[2] Liu Hongying;Luo Xiaojun(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization andProtection,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学化学化工学院,武汉430062 [2]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东省环境资源与利用保护重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2022年第1期47-59,共13页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41877386);广东省科学与技术项目(2020B1212060053,2019B121205006)。

摘　　要：得克隆(dechlorane plus,DP)是一种氯代添加型阻燃剂,自2006年首次在环境中被报道检出后,在全球各种环境和生物介质中被检出,已成为广受关注的一类新环境污染物。DP的工业品由2种同分异构体(syn-DP和anti-DP)组成,生物中DP的组成与工业品的组成并不完全一致。笔者总结了DP在生物中富集的文献。现有文献有关DP的生物富集研究主要集中在鱼、鸟及部分哺乳动物。鱼类中普遍观察到syn-DP的相对富集,部分鸟类样品中观察到anti-DP的相对富集。大量文献将生物中DP的组成与工业品DP的组成直接比较来判定是否存在生物对DP的立体异构体选择性富集,忽视了环境与生物过程对DP组成的改变,因此,DP在生物中的立体异构体选择性富集情形可能被低估。室内暴露实验揭示选择性代谢与排泄是造成DP在生物中选择性富集的主要原因,但具体的代谢、排泄的机理目前并不明晰。DP在生物中的立体异构体选择性富集还受生物组织、体内浓度、生物所处的营养级和性别等众多因素的影响。要了解DP生物富集中的立体选择性富集机理,还需要进一步深入研究DP在不同生物中的吸收、代谢及与生物大分子之间的相互作用。Dechlorane plus(DP)is an additive chlorinated flame retardant.Since it was found in sediment and fish in Great Lakes in 2006,DP had been detected in the environmental matrix and biota samples around the world and it has become an emerging pollutant.The commercial products of DP are mixture of two stereo isomers:syn-DP and anti-DP.The compositions of DP in the biota samples are not always the same as those in the commercial products.This paper presents a review of the bioaccumulation of DP in biota samples.The studies on bioaccumulation of DP mainly focus on fish,birds,and some mammals.Stereoselective enrichment of syn-DP was widely observed in fish whereas selective enrichment of anti-DP was mainly found in some birds.A direct comparison in DP composition between biota sample and the commercial product was used to determine whether or not a stereoselective enrichment of DP occurred,which will underestimate the potential stereoselective enrichment of DP in organisms because the composition of DP changed after being released into the environment.Selectively metabolism or excretion of one isomer was the cause for observed stereoselective bioaccumulation of DP but the details of the mechanism are not clear yet.The tissue or organs of organisms,concentration of DP,trophic levels occupied by the organisms,and sex can all affect the composition of DP in organisms.To get a better understanding of the species-specific stereoselective enrichment of DP,more studies on absorption,elimination,and metabolism of DP in more species and on interactions between DP and biomacromolecule are needed.

关 键 词：得克隆 生物富集 立体异构体选择性 物种差异 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]