肠道菌群对肠神经系统发育的影响及机制研究进展  

Recent advances on effect and mechanism of gut microbiota in development of enteric nervous system

作　　者：张存正 段丽萍[1] ZHANG Cunzheng;DUAN Liping(Department of Gastroenterology,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院消化科,北京100191

出　　处：《胃肠病学和肝病学杂志》2022年第5期502-507,共6页Chinese Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82170557);国家重点研发计划专项(2019YFA0905604)。

摘　　要：肠神经系统(enteric nervous system,ENS)的构成成分包括肠神经元和肠神经胶质细胞(enteric glia cells,EGC),在消化系统广泛分布。正常的ENS对肠道甚至全身内环境的稳态具有强大的调节作用,其作用有且不局限于调节胃肠道的运动及分泌,稳定肠道免疫功能,维持与修复肠上皮屏障,并可能与中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)产生一系列相互作用,影响情绪、行为等。肠道内定植着复杂而繁多的共生菌落,通过其细菌成分、代谢产物等方式影响宿主功能。近年来有较多研究显示,肠道菌群可以在不同阶段影响ENS发育,并以此为基础改变其调控的感觉、运动等功能。深入了解肠道菌群对ENS发育的影响有助于理解胃肠疾病的复杂机制,对未来针对肠道菌群的疗法在临床方面广泛的应用具有巨大价值。Enteric nervous system(ENS) is composed of enteric neurons and enteric glia cells(EGC),which are widely distributed in the digestive system.Normal functional ENS plays a significant role in regulating intestinal or even systemic homeostasis,including but not limited to regulating gastrointestinal movement and secretion,stabilizing intestinal immune function,maintaining and restoring intestinal epithelial barrier and may interact with the central nervous system(CNS) in a series of interactions to affect mood,behavior,etc.The intestinal tract is colonized with complex and diverse symbiotic colonies,which influence host function through their bacterial products and metabolites.In recent years,many studies have shown that gut microbiota can affect the development of ENS at different stages and then change the sensory,motor and other functions.An in-depth understanding of the influence of the gut microbiota on development of ENS is conducive to holding the grasp of the complex mechanism of gastrointestinal diseases,which is of great value for future therapies targeting the gut microbiota to be widely used in the clinic.

关 键 词：肠神经系统 肠道菌群 发育 

分 类 号：R574[医药卫生—消化系统]