抗阻训练对绝经后女性身体成分、膝关节肌肉力量及动态平衡能力的影响  

Effects of resistance training on body composition,knee muscle strength and dynamic balance in the postmenopausal women

作　　者：贺继平[1] 苏晓云[2] 崔建梅 门杰 赵蕊 He Jiping;Su Xiaoyun;Cui Jianmei;Men Jie;Zhao Rui(Department of Anatomy,Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University,Fenyang 032200;Department of Nursing,Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University,Fenyang 032200;Department of Sports,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Department of Sports,Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University,Fenyang 032200)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学汾阳学院解剖学教研室,汾阳032200 [2]山西医科大学汾阳学院护理学系,汾阳032200 [3]中北大学体育学院,太原030051 [4]山西医科大学汾阳学院体育教研室,汾阳032200

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2022年第2期97-101,共5页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：目的:探讨抗阻训练对绝经后女性身体成分、膝关节屈伸肌力及动态平衡能力的影响。方法:将25名绝经女性随机分为抗阻训练组和对照组,抗阻训练前后测试绝经后女性身体成分(体质量、体脂肪量、肌肉量、左右下肢肌肉量),左、右膝关节屈、伸肌力及动态平衡能力。结果:12周抗阻训练可使绝经后女性体脂肪量显著下降,左右下肢肌肉量及全身肌肉量均显著增加,而体质量在抗阻训练前后无显著差异;此外,12周抗阻训练可使绝经后女性左、右膝关节屈、伸肌肌力显著增加,闭眼状态下总体稳定指数、前后方向稳定指数及左右方向稳定指数显著下降。结论:12周抗阻训练可显著降低绝经后女性身体脂肪量、增加下肢肌肉量及膝关节肌肉力量,改善动态平衡能力,对于预防绝经后女性跌倒及提高绝经后女性生存质量有重要意义。Objetive:To explore the effects of resistance training on body composition,flexor and extensor knee muscle strength and dynamic balance in the postmenopausal women.Methods:Twenty-five postmenopausal women were assigned to a resistance training group and a control group.The body composition(body weight,body fat,muscle mass,muscle mass of left and right lower limb),left and right knee muscle strength and dynamic balance were measured in all subjects before and after resistance training intervention.Results:A 12-week resistance training significantly decreased body fat and significantly increased the muscle mass and the muscle mass of left and right lower limb of the postmenopausal women.However,there was no significant change in body weight.Moreover,we observed noticeable increases in the flexor and extensor muscle strength of left and right knee joints and decreases in stability index,anterior-posterior stability index and medial-lateral stability index during eye closed conditions in the resistance training group of the postmenopausal women.Conclusion:The 12-week resistance training significantly reduces the body fat mass,increases the lower limb muscle mass and the knee muscle strength,improves the dynamic balance which is important to prevent the fall risk and improve the life quality in the postmenopausal women.

关 键 词：抗阻训练 绝经后女性 身体成分 膝关节肌肉力量 动态平衡能力 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G808.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]