纳米材料对水环境中微藻毒性的效应及机理研究进展  

Research Progress of Effect and Mechanism of Nanomaterials on Microalgae Toxicity in Water Environment

作　　者：陈灿 杨黎彬 周雪飞[1] CHEN Can;YANG Libin;ZHOU Xuefei(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《净水技术》2022年第5期5-13,共9页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1100200);国家自然科学基金(51878465,42006139)。

摘　　要：随着纳米技术的发展,纳米材料被广泛用于信息、医疗、环保等领域,其在生产使用过程中不可避免会进入水环境,影响水环境生态系统,威胁人类健康。微藻作为水环境中的初级生产者,对维持生态系统的稳定、平衡起着至关重要的作用。因此,研究纳米材料对微藻的毒性作用对于水环境生态安全影响评价十分重要。文中综述了已公开发表的相关研究及成果,重点围绕纳米材料对微藻的生长、细胞组分、胞外多聚物等变化影响,评价纳米材料对微藻的毒性效应,在此基础上总结了纳米材料对微藻的遮蔽效应、机械损伤、氧化应激等致毒机理,并对未来纳米材料与微藻相互作用的研究方向做出了展望。With the development of nanotechnology,nanomaterials are widely used in information,medicine,environmental protection and other fields.And they may inevitably enter the water environment during production and use,affecting the water environment ecosystem and threatening human health.As a primary producer in the water environment,microalgae play a vital role in maintaining the stability and balance of the ecosystem.The study of the toxic effects of nanomaterials on microalgae is very important for the assessment of the ecological safety of water environment.This article reviews the related research and results that have been published,focusing on the influence of nanomaterials on the growth,cell composition,and extracellular polymer changes of microalgae,and evaluates the toxic effects of nanomaterials on microalgae.On this basis toxic mechanisms such as the shielding effect,mechanical damage,and oxidative stress of nanomaterials to microalgae are discussed.And the future research directions of interaction between nanomaterials and microalgae are prospected.

关 键 词：纳米材料 微藻 毒性效应 致毒机理 复合毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]