柔性扑翼翼型的气动性能仿真分析  

Simulation of Aerodynamic Performances of Flexible Flapping Wing Airfoils

作　　者：王奇[1,2] 朱寅鑫 牛培行[1,2] 刘少宝 WANG Qi;ZHU Yinxin;NIU Peixing;LIU Shaobao(State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,P.R.China;MIIT Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures,College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 21006,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空学院机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016 [2]南京航空航天大学航空学院多功能轻量化材料与结构工信部重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《应用数学和力学》2022年第5期586-596,共11页Applied Mathematics and Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11902155);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20190382);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目。

摘　　要：与固定翼相比,在低速、小Reynolds数条件下,扑翼飞行具有显著的气动性能优势,受到越来越多的重视.然而,目前对扑翼翼型的研究以刚性翼型为主,对柔性翼型气动性能认识还不清楚.该文建立了柔性椭圆翼型的流固耦合仿真模型,分析了不同风速、迎角下柔性椭圆翼型的周围流场、变形以及气动性能.仿真结果表明,较刚性翼型,柔性翼型延缓了尾涡脱落时间,有效降低升力扰动振荡频率;柔性翼型显著抑制了尾流流场的扰动,降低升力扰动振荡幅值,合适的弹性模量翼型使得扰动振荡完全消除.研究结果可为软飞行器气动设计提供参考.Compared with fixed wings, the flapping wing has a significant aerodynamic performance advantage at low speeds and low Reynolds numbers, which draws more and more attentions. But most previous studies focus on rigid flapping airfoils, the aerodynamic performances of flexible flapping airfoils are still unclear. A fluid-solid coupling model for the flexible elliptical airfoils was developed to analyze the flow field around the airfoil, the airfoil deformation and the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils, at different wind speeds and attack angles. Compared with the rigid airfoil, the flexible airfoil can delay the shedding time of the wake vortex and reduce the oscillation frequency of the disturbance on the lift force. The flexible airfoil significantly suppresses the disturbance of the wake flow and reduces the oscillation amplitude of disturbance. Even, the airfoil disturbance oscillation can be completely eliminated at an appropriate Young’s modulus of the airfoil. These results provide a theoretical guidance for the design of soft aircraft.

关 键 词：柔性翼型 流固耦合 气动性能 升力 有限元 

分 类 号：O355[理学—流体力学] V211.3[理学—力学]