一种基于优化的毫米波信道估计算法研究  

Optimization based Millimeter Wave Channel Estimation with Low-resolution Analog-to-digital Converters

作　　者：谢广成 苏宇 曾妍 程瑛颖[1] XIE Guang-cheng;SU Yu;ZENG Yan;CHENG Ying-ying(State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company,Chongqing 401121,China)

机构地区：[1]国家电网重庆市电力公司,重庆401121

出　　处：《光通信研究》2022年第3期11-16,共6页Study on Optical Communications

基　　金：国家电网科学技术研究资助项目(SGCQKHOOJSJS2000053)。

摘　　要：毫米波大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)系统具有更多的射频链路,带来更大的功耗,接收端使用低分辨率模数转换器(ADC)可有效解决功耗高的问题。针对低分辨率ADC引起接收信号幅度失真,进而影响信道估计准确性的问题,文章提出了一种基于优化的两阶段毫米波信道估计算法。第1阶段,根据量化后的接收信号确定采样后的接收信号取值范围,并将其作为约束条件构造优化问题,利用l_(1)范数衡量向量稀疏度估计波达方向;第2阶段,根据估计的波达方向,使用Bussgang分解模型近似非线性量化过程,得到信道复增益的最小二乘估计。仿真结果表明,所提算法准确性比目前最先进的算法提升了约5 dB,且算法复杂度降为线性。由此可见,所提算法在有效性和可靠性方面均有较大提升,具有实用价值。Millimeter wave large-scale Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)system has more radio frequency links that bringing more power consumption,which could be efficiently tackled by using low-resolution Analog-to-Digital Converters(ADCs)in receiver.Considering the influence of the received signal amplitude distortion caused by low-resolution ADCs on the performance of channel estimation,a two-stage millimeter wave channel estimation algorithm is proposed after optimization.In the first stage,we construct the optimization problem which inequality constraints originating from the received signal determined by the quantized received signal and estimate the direction of arrival by using l_(1)-norm to measure the sparsity.In the second stage,according to the estimated direction,Bussgang decomposition has been used to approximate the nonlinear quantization process,and the least square estimation of the complex channel gain is obtained.Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is improved by about 5 dB compared with the current state-of-the-art algorithm,and the complexity is reduced to be linear.It can be seen that the proposed algorithm is greatly improved in terms of effectiveness and reliability,and has certain practical value.

关 键 词：毫米波通信 大规模多输入多输出 信道估计 低分辨率模数转换器 凸优化 

分 类 号：TN911[电子电信—通信与信息系统]