基于五味合化理论探讨辛宣苦泄配伍治疗哮喘机制  

Mechanism of Combination of Pungent Dispersing Bitter Evacuant in Treatment of Asthma Based on Theory of Five Flavor Compatibility

作　　者：叶卫东 方向明[1] YE Wei-dong;FANG Xiang-ming(College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学中医学院,合肥230000

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2022年第12期240-246,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82074401)。

摘　　要：支气管哮喘是一种慢性炎症性气道疾病,隶属于中医治疗优势病种的哮病范畴,多因肺气的宣降失衡,冲逆咽喉而作哮鸣。五味合化,是指“辛、苦、酸、甘、咸”五味中药之间配伍合化出新功用的药性组方理论。辛味“能散”,苦味“能泄”,是中药五味理论的重要组成,且肺苦气上逆,食辛散之,食苦泄之,二味中药也占据了目前治疗哮病用药的大部分,辛宣苦泄的配伍亦是治疗哮病的主要组方思路,目前尚缺乏对辛苦合化治疗哮喘的中医理论和机制的深入分析。辛横行而宣散,苦直行而降泄,而且辛味和苦味的微观分子机制分别与瞬时受体电位通道(TRPs)和苦味受体(TAS2Rs)存在着密切的关系。Ca^(2+)信号的调节作用已经在哮喘的过程中被发现,参与哮喘多种症状的发病机制。而定位于细胞膜上的Ca^(2+)通道TRPs,及受体TAS2Rs已经被证实能够直接调节细胞内Ca^(2+)信号,并且在哮喘的治疗过程中发挥作用。因此,辛宣苦泄功效的发挥可能是通过TRPs/TAS2Rs介导的Ca^(2+)信号实现的。通过辛散宣肺,苦泄降肺的理论认识和现代研究,以期从中医理论和现代机制的角度阐释辛宣苦泄配伍治疗哮喘的内在联系。基于五味合化理论的辛宣苦泄配伍辨治哮喘具有中医理论基础支撑,及合理的现代研究机制佐证,可能是未来中医药治疗哮喘研究的主要方向。Bronchial asthma,a chronic inflammatory airway disease,belongs to the category of wheezing disease in the system of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).The wheezing symptom of this disease is mainly caused by the imbalance of lung Qi.According to the theory of five flavor compatibility,the Chinese medicinal materials with five different flavors(pungent,bitter,sour,sweet,and salty)can be combined to produce new functions.The pungent medicinal materials have dispersing effect and the bitter medicinal materials have discharging effect,which are important components in the theory of five flavor compatibility.Pungen herbs and bitter herbs can relieve the adverse lung Qi,occupying an important position in the current medication for the treatment of asthma.However,there is still a lack of in-depth analysis of the TCM theory and mechanism of the compatibility of pungent herbs and bitter herbs in the treatment of asthma.The molecular mechanisms of action of pungent herbs and bitter herbs are closely related to transient receptor potential(TRP)channels and bitter taste receptors(TAS2Rs),respectively.Ca^(2+)signaling has been recognized in the process of asthma and is involved in the development of multiple symptoms of asthma.The TRP channels and TAS2Rs located on the cel membrane have been proved to directly regulate the intracellular Ca^(2+)signal and play a role in the treatment of asthma.Therefore,the dispersing effect of pungent herbs and the discharging effect of bitter herbs may be realized through the Ca^(2+)signaling pathway mediated by TRPs/TAS2Rs.We summarized the theoretical understanding and modern studies of pungent herbs dispersing lung Qi and bitter herbs discharging lung Qi,aiming to explain the internal relationship and mechanism of the compatibility of pungent herbs and bitter herbs in the treatment of asthma from the perspective of TCM theory and modern medicine.The compatibility of pungent herbs and bitter herbs based on the theory of five flavor compatibility for the treatment of asthma has a solid theor

关 键 词：五味合化 辛宣苦泄 瞬时受体电位通道(TRPs) 苦味受体(TAS2Rs) 哮喘 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] R242[医药卫生—中医学]