我国青少年视力状况的时空演变特征分析  

Analysis of the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of visual acuity of adolescents in China

作　　者：朱厚伟 史曙生[2] 郑哲[1,3] ZHU Houwei;SHI Shusheng;ZHENG Zhe(College of Physical Education and Health Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;School of Physical Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;University of Perpetual Help,the Manila 0900,Philippines)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]南京师范大学体育科学学院,江苏南京210023 [3]永恒大学,马尼拉0900

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期352-360,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省金华市社会科学联合会项目(YB2021069);国家社会科学基金资助项目(21BTY024);江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2020SJZDA128)。

摘　　要：为探究我国青少年视力状况的时空演变特征,选取1985年、1995年、2005年及2014年全国学生体质与健康调研的视力数据作为研究基础,通过时间分析和空间分析法对我国青少年视力的时间变化和空间变化特征进行了分析.结果表明:从时间角度出发,我国青少年视力不良检出率逐渐升高,视力不良呈低龄化趋势,1985—2014年每10年的环比增长速度呈现出农村稍大于城市、男生稍大于女生的态势;从空间角度出发,1985-2014年的30年中,我国青少年视力的空间趋势走向特征为从西向东逐渐升高,其区域差异较小,从南向北、从西北向东南、从东北向西南,均呈现出先上升后下降的倒U型趋势.全局空间相关分析和局部空间自相关分析发现,我国青少年视力的地缘亲疏关系逐渐增强(Z=3.1082,P<0.05),呈现出“东高南低”的聚集特征.因此,未来我国儿童青少年近视防控重点应为加强省域治理及跨区域治理.It was aimed to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the visual acuity status of Chinese adolescents,the visual acuity data of the National Student Physical Fitness and Health Survey in 1985,1995,2005,and 2014 were selected as the basis of the study,the temporal changes and spatial changes characteristics of the visual acuity of Chinese adolescents were analyzed by temporal and spatial analysis methods.The results showed that from the temporal perspective,the detection rate of poor visual acuity among adolescents in China gradually increased,and the trend of poor visual acuity was low,the decade over decade growth rate from 1985 to2014 showed that the rural area was slightly larger than the urban area,and boys were slightly larger than girls;from the spatial perspective,in the 30 years from 1985 to 2014.The spatial trend direction of adolescent visual acuity was characterized by a gradual increase from west to east,and its regional differences were small,showing an inverted U-shaped trend from south to north,from northwest to southeast,and from northeast to southwest,all showed an increase followed by a decline.The global spatial correlation analysis and the local spatial autocorrelation analysis found that the geopolitical affinity of China′s adolescents′visual acuity gradually increased(Z=3.1082,P<0.05),showed the aggregation characteristic of"high in the east and low in the south".Therefore,the focus of myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents in China should be strengthened provincially combined with cross-regional governance.

关 键 词：青少年 视力 时空演变 GIS 特征 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]