废石全尾砂高浓度充填料浆的均质化模型  

Homogenization mathematical model of the cemented filling slurry with crushing waste rock and whole tailings

作　　者：杨晓炳[1,2,3] 尹升华 郝硕[1,3] 杨航 YANG Xiao-bing;YIN Sheng-hua;HAO Shuo;YANG Hang(School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing,Beijing 102628,China;Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines(Ministry of Education),University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京102628 [3]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2022年第7期1115-1125,共11页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-TP-20-039A1);矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(BGRIMM-KJSKL-2021-18);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2021M690363)。

摘　　要：针对废石全尾砂高浓度充填料浆管输易堵管及充填体分层的问题,开展减水剂、搅拌参数等对料浆均质性影响的试验及料浆均质化定量表征的研究.首先基于泌水−坍落度试验确定了聚羧酸系(PC)减水剂及其掺量区间,获得了PC作用下的料浆流变参数及充填体强度的变化规律.其次,通过图像处理技术分析搅拌料浆表面特征,明确了PC作用下搅拌时长及废尾比(废石与尾矿质量比)对料浆均质化的影响规律.最后,构建了废石全尾砂高浓度充填料浆的均质化模型.结果表明,PC作用能够降低料浆的屈服应力与塑性黏度系数,改善料浆流动性.合理掺量可以提升充填体的早期强度,但对28 d强度有削弱.料浆表面图像信息熵越高、黑色像素点占比越小,料浆均质化程度越高,且均质化程度随搅拌时长、废尾比的增大呈先增大后减小趋势.当PC的质量分数为0.26%~0.5%时,料浆均质化程度高,PC质量分数为0.5%时料浆屈服应力和塑性黏度达到最小值,分别为202.25 Pa和0.79 Pa·s.Aiming at the problems of pipeline transportation blockage and filling body stratification caused by waste rock–unclassified tailings high-concentration slurry,the effects of superplasticizer and stirring parameters on the slurry homogenization were experimented with,and the quantitative characterization of slurry homogenization was explored.Initially,the polycarboxylate(PC)superplasticizer with the best suitability was screened out based on the bleeding-slump test,and the mathematical correlations of the slump and bleeding rate with the optimal superplasticizer dosage range were obtained by regression.The rheological properties of the slurry and the filling body strength were then determined at different PC superplasticizer dosages,and separate mathematical models for correlations of slurry rheological parameters and mechanical properties with superplasticizer dosage were built.Next,the slurry surface images under different stirring conditions were acquired with the Nikon D350 camera,and their information entropies were calculated.Meanwhile,the OTSU algorithm was used to perform image segmentation thresholding,and the images were binarized via Matlab,followed by a calculation of the proportion of black pixels in the binarized images.Further,the variation trends of image information entropy and black pixels proportion with PC superplasticizer,rock/tailing ratio(mass ratio of waste rock to unclassified tailings),and stirring time were derived.Finally,the homogenization mechanism in the waste rock-unclassified tailings filling slurry was revealed based on the PC superplasticizer's regulatory role in fine particle absorption and dispersion,which was further validated by the relationship between the zeta potential of cement paste and the dosage of PC superplasticizer.On this basis,a quantitative model of slurry homogenization was developed based on the slump,bleeding rate,rheological properties,strength characteristics,and image information,and the optimal parameters of waste rock-unclassified tailings high-concent

关 键 词：料浆均质性 流变特性 强度特性 图像信息 PC减水剂 

分 类 号：TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]