美国高等教育微认证的背景、框架与发展趋势  

Background,Framework and Development Trend of Micro-credentials in Higher Education in America

作　　者：陈时见[1] 杨盼 CHEN Shijian;YANG Pan(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2022年第3期49-62,共14页Studies in Foreign Education

基　　金：2018年教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中西部高校提升人才培养能力和办学水平研究”(项目批准号:18JZD053)。

摘　　要：在高等教育领域,传统学习模式与微认证的结合可以帮助学生开阔个性化学习路径,并对所掌握的知识与技能进行有效评估。微认证作为美国推动个性化学习和专业发展的新模式,其产生背景主要包括数字化时代对人才培养的要求、微认证在高等教育领域的兴起和美国高等教育对微认证的重视三个方面,基本框架主要由指导原则、认证方式、认证体系、实践模式、推广方式和质量审查六个方面所构成。在未来的发展中,美国高等教育微认证将聚焦于促进移动学习,消除学习的“时空”限制;提高项目公信力,确保微认证的可持续发展;纳入大学申请,提高招生录取的多样性;关注终身学习,构建开放取向的学习范式。In the field of higher education,the combination of traditional learning mode and micro-credentials can help students broaden the path of personalized learning and effectively evaluate the knowledge and skills they have mastered. As a new model to promote personalized learning and professional development in the United States,microcredentials is mainly generated in three aspects,including the requirement of talent training in the digital age,the rise of micro-credentials in the field of higher education and the importance of micro-credentials in American higher education. The basic framework is composed of six aspects:guiding principle,certification method,certification system,practice mode,promotion method and quality examination. In the future development,American higher education micro-credentials will focus on promoting mobile learning and eliminating the "time and space" limitation of learning. Improve the credibility of the project to ensure the sustainable development of micro-credentials;Including university applications to improve the diversity of enrollment;Focus on lifelong learning and construct an open-oriented learning paradigm.

关 键 词：美国 高等教育 数字化时代 微认证 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] G712[文化科学—教育学]