挤压式澳洲坚果去皮机脱皮装置的设计与试验  

Design and Test of the Peeling Device of Extruded Macadamia Nut Peeling Machine

作　　者：王槊[1] 潘睿 薛忠[1] 何凤平 范建新 韩树权 Wang Shuo;Pan Rui;Xue Zhong;He Fengping;Fan Jianxin;Han Shuquan(Agricultural Machinery Institute of CATAS,Zhanjiang 524091,China;Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops,Xingyi 562400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所,广东湛江524091 [2]贵州亚热带作物研究所,贵州兴义562400

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第10期60-66,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果[2018]4311)。

摘　　要：针对现有澳洲坚果去皮机局限于先分级后去皮,以及存在的多是半自动、果径一致性要求苛刻、效率低、去皮率及去皮破损率高等缺点,研制了一种基于双螺旋自适应挤压式新型去皮机,并对其脱皮装置进行了深入研究。通过前期的力学试验获得实际的澳洲坚果带皮果物理参数,并从匀速阶段的澳洲坚果、脱皮辊、压送器三者之间的受力分析中得出澳洲坚果在脱皮装置内的受力情况。根据试验获取得的果径三维尺寸、果实圆度计算出澳洲坚果的受力范围,从而推出脱皮装置的主要参数,最终设计两辊参数为长度1200mm、直径76mm、转速400r/min、间隙12mm。试验结果表明:去皮机作业平稳,脱皮合格率达98.2%,脱皮破损率1.3%,壳皮分离且不混杂,平均作业效率500kg/h,作业能耗2.2kW/h,各项技术指标均满足设计要求。AIn view of the limitations of existing macnut peeling machines,such as first classification and then peeling,as well as the disadvantages such as semi-automatic,demanding fruit diameter consistency,low efficiency,high peeling rate and peeling damage rate,the team developed a new type of peeling machine based on double helix adaptive extrusion,and conducted in-depth research on its peeling device.The physical parameters of macadamia nuts with skin were obtained by mechanical tests.On uniform phase of macadamia,stripping roller,force analysis of the compression device between Australian nuts in the peeling force,according to the test by obtain three-dimensional fruit diameter size,roundness fruit to calculate the loading range of macadamia,thus introduced main parameters of peeling device and final design two roller parameter length is 1200 mm,76 mm in diameter,rotating speed of 400 r/min,12 mm gap.The test showed that the peeling machine was stable,the qualified rate of peeling reached 98.2%,the rate of peeling damage was only 1.3%,and the shells were separated and not mixed.The average operating efficiency is 500kg/h;Energy consumption per unit of operation is 2.2 kW/h.The results of prototype test confirm that the technical indexes of macadamia nut peeling device meet the design expectation.

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 去皮机 脱皮装置 双螺旋挤压机构 

分 类 号：S226.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]