医疗机构开展公民逝世后器官捐献移植伦理审查的经验与思考  

Experience and Reflection on the Ethical Review of Organ Donation and Transplantation after Citizens Death in Medical Institution

作　　者：刘媛 黄明涛 陈旻[3] LIU Yuan;HUANG Mingtao;CHEN Min(Department of Development and Reform,the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350005,China;School of Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China;Institutes of Health Research,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属第一医院发展和改革处,福建福州350005 [2]福建医科大学健康学院,福建福州350122 [3]福建医科大学卫生健康研究院,福建福州350122

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2022年第6期601-606,共6页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：福建医科大学附属第一医院院内课题“新形势下医学研究与新技术应用伦理审查运行管理的研究”(2020FY-R-06)。

摘　　要：为了探讨公民逝世后器官捐献与移植的伦理审查经验,为医疗机构开展相应伦理审查提供参考性价值。通过运用描述性研究,采用目的抽样法,根据数据饱和原则,最终选取10名器官移植技术临床应用伦理委员会委员及秘书作为受访者进行半结构式访谈,并采取Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料分析、归纳和提炼主题。结果发现,公民逝世后器官捐献与移植的伦理审查经验包括伦理委员会职责、伦理审查要点、伦理审查会议形式及其优缺点、器官移植伦理委员会建设四个主题。因此,目前医疗机构开展器官捐献与移植伦理审查存在缺陷,可通过遵循医学伦理四大原则落实伦理审查要素、完善公民逝世后器官捐赠相关法律、构建合理高效的伦理审查会议模式、建立健全适宜的器官移植伦理委员会运行方式等予以完善。In order to explore the ethical review experience of organ donation and transplantation after the death of citizens,and provide reference value for medical institutions to carry out corresponding ethical review.By using descriptive research,purpose sampling method and the principle of data saturation,10 members and secretaries of ethics committee on clinical application of organ transplantation technology were finally selected as respondents for semi-structured interviews.The Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was adopted to analyze,summarize and refine the theme.The results showed that the ethical review experience of organ donation and transplantation after the death of citizens included four themes:the responsibilities of ethics committee,the key points of ethics review,the form of ethics review conference and its advantages and disadvantages,and the construction of the ethics committee of organ transplantation.Therefore,there are defects in the ethical review of organ donation and transplantation in medical institutions at present.These can be remedied by enriching elements of the ethical review following the four principles of medical ethics,refining the laws related to organ donation after citizens'death,constructing a reasonable and efficient pattern of ethical review conference,and establishing a robust and appropriate operation mode of organ transplantation ethics committee.

关 键 词：公民逝世后器官捐献 器官移植 伦理委员会 伦理审查 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]