论商业秘密保护及其过度保护的问题  

The Problems with Trade Secret Protection/Overprotection

作　　者：刘孔中 李文博 Liu Kung-Chung;Li Wenbo

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院 [2]新加坡管理大学法学院

出　　处：《知识产权》2022年第5期74-90,共17页Intellectual Property

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“两大法系背景下的著作权与版权概念研究”(资助编号:20BFX140)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：商业秘密保护在过去三十年愈发重要,已成为专利法的重要补充,在亚洲也不遑多让。当前亚洲的主要经济体正处于十字路口,因为日本、韩国、泰国、中国效仿美国,将侵犯商业秘密行为入罪,日本、韩国、中国同时对经济间谍活动科以更严厉的惩罚,可能影响亚洲其他普通法传统的司法管辖区。本文首先商业秘密保护有关的诸多问题,并提供认定过度保护的指标,警示其副作用。继而建议亚洲经济体:在立足于其商业现实的基础上,将商业秘密保护与专利制度妥适搭配,借鉴德国法对于侵犯商业秘密采取适度刑事处罚的模式,限制竞业禁止条款保护员工的流动性。Trade secret law has been an important complement to patent law and gained increasing importance over the last three decades,not the least in Asia.Major Asian countries and regions are now at a crossroads,as some(Japan,Korea,Thailand,China) are following the US approach to criminalizing trade secret infringement and penalizing the economic espionage with even harsher punishment(Japan,Korea,China).The paper identifies many of the problems associated with trade secret protection,provides indicators of over-protection of trade secrets and warns against its many side-effects.The paper then points out that Asian economies are now at the crossroads.It provides some suggestions for Asian jurisdictions to consider:to provide trade secret protection based on its commercial realities,to work trade secret protection in tandem with patent regime,and to learn from German model of a modest criminal punishment for trade secret infringement and protecting the interests of employees’ mobility by limiting the non-competition clauses.

关 键 词：商业秘密 竞业禁止 经济间谍 员工流动性 经济间谍法 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]