冉绍尔-汤森效应实验的拓展研究  

Expansion of Ransauer-Townsend effect experiment

作　　者：李明洋[1] 马志远 张志华[1] 关佳[1] 方恺[1] 赫丽[1] 沈军[1] LI Ming-yang;MA Zhi-yuan;ZHANG Zhi-hua;GUAN Jia;FANG Kai;HE Li;SHEN Jun(School of Physics Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学物理科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《物理实验》2022年第3期52-57,共6页Physics Experimentation

基　　金：同济大学实验教学改革项目(No.202051,No.202149)。

摘　　要：电子流与电子碰撞管中稀有气体原子发生作用时,会出现电子散射概率及总有效散射截面与电子速度相关的现象,即冉绍尔-汤森效应.本文测量了散射概率和总有效散射截面随电子速度的变化曲线,验证了冉绍尔-汤森效应,并探究了几何因子、板极电流随电子速度的变化曲线和不同灯丝电压下的冉绍尔-汤森曲线的异同,同时探究了更简单高效地测量最佳补偿电压的方法.When the electron flow interacts with the rare gas atoms of the electron collision tube,the electron scattering probability and the total effective scattering cross section are related to the electron velocity,which is called the Ransauer-Townsend effect.In this paper,the Ransauer-Townsend effect was verified by giving the curves of electron scattering probability and the total effective scattering cross section with the changing electron velocity.The curve of the geometric factors and plate current with electron velocity was explored,and the similarities and differences of Ransauer-Townsend effect curves under different filament voltage were compared.A more simple and efficient method to measure the optimum compensation voltage was studied.

关 键 词：冉绍尔-汤森效应 几何因子 灯丝电压 最佳补偿电压 

分 类 号：O562.5[理学—原子与分子物理]