媒介取食偏好和宿主群落组成对多宿主-媒介系统疾病风险的影响  

The Effect of Vector Feeding Preference and Host Community Composition on the Risk of Vector-Borne Disease

作　　者：陈立范 陈师亮 王宏杰 宋如意 Chen Lifan;Chen Shiliang;Wang Hongjie;Song Ruyi(School of Arts and Sciences,Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences,Shanghai 201318,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering,School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海健康医学院文理教学部,上海201318 [2]复旦大学生命科学学院,生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,上海200433

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期72-80,共9页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31700466).

摘　　要：本研究构建了两宿主-媒介传播的传染病模型,通过理论分析和模拟,探究了媒介的取食偏好和宿主群落组成的变动如何影响疾病风险.结果表明,宿主群落组成的改变可能会对疾病风险产生稀释、放大和无明显效应三种结果,主要取决于媒介对于宿主的取食偏好性和宿主传递疾病能力的强弱.当媒介没有取食偏好且两宿主传递疾病的能力相同时,疾病风险R_(0)是一个常数;当媒介没有取食偏好但两宿主传递疾病的能力存在差异,或者媒介有取食偏好且被偏好取食的宿主恰为弱宿主时,R_(0)是单调的,此时若强宿主比例增加则发生放大效应,否则发生稀释效应;当两宿主传递疾病的能力不存在差异但媒介有取食偏好,或宿主能力存在差异且受偏好的宿主恰好是强宿主时,R_(0)总是随群落组成的变动x先增加后减少,既能发生放大效应又能发生稀释效应.A two-host-vector-borne infectious disease model was constructed to explore how vector feeding preferences and changes in host community composition affect disease risk.The results showed that the changes of host community composition may lead to dilution effect,amplification effect or no effect on the disease risk,which mainly depend on the feeding preference and host competence(the ability to obtain and transmit disease).When the vector has no feeding preference and the two hosts have the same competence,R_(0) is a constant.When the vector has no feeding preference but the competence of the two hosts is different,or the preferred host is just the low competence one,R_(0) is monotonic.If the proportion of high competence host increases,amplification effect will occur,otherwise,dilution effect will occur.When there is no difference in the competence of the two hosts but the vector has feeding preference,or the preferred host is just the high competence one,R_(0) always increases first and then decreases with x,which can lead to both amplification effect and dilution effect.

关 键 词：生物多样性 稀释效应 仓室模型 基本再生数 

分 类 号：Q141[生物学—生态学]