认罪案件特殊裁量不起诉的制度反思  

Reflection on Non-prosecution of Discretion in Guilty Plea Cases

作　　者：林艺芳[1] LIN Yi-fang(School of Law, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《时代法学》2022年第3期30-38,共9页Presentday Law Science

摘　　要：认罪案件特殊裁量不起诉是我国认罪认罚从宽制度的重要组成部分,但在司法实践中却存在不少争议。立法未就何为“重大立功”、何为“案件涉及国家重大利益”作出解释,这可能导致该制度适用范围过于宽泛,甚至引发人民检察院不起诉裁量权的滥用。为了防止这一倾向,我国立法要求在适用该制度时应当“经最高人民检察院核准”。但该规定过于严苛,再加上人民检察院内部不合理的办案理念和考核机制的影响,认罪案件特殊裁量不起诉可能被束之高阁。针对上述问题,不同改革方案被相继提出,但是皆无法彻底解决问题或者与该制度之间存在不契合之处。认罪案件特殊裁量不起诉是一项进退两难的制度,对此我国应当借鉴历史经验,取消该制度。Non-prosecution of discretion in guilty plea cases is an important part of the leniency system of guilty plea in China.However,there are many disputes in judicial practice.The legislation does not explain what is“significant meritorious service”and what constitutes“a case involving major national interests”,which may lead to the excessively broad scope of application of the system and even the abuse of the discretion of the people's procuratorate not to prosecute.In order to prevent this tendency,China's legislation requires that the application of the system should be“approved by the Supreme People's Procuratorate”.However,this regulation is too strict,coupled with the influence of the unreasonable case handling concept and assessment mechanism of the people's Procuratorate,the non-prosecution of discretion in guilty plea cases may be shelved.To solve the above problems,different solutions have been put forward one after another,but none of them can completely solve the problems or do not fit with the system.The non-prosecution of discretion in guilty plea cases is a system in a dilemma,so our country should learn from the historical experience and cancel this system.

关 键 词：认罪案件 人民检察院 不起诉裁量权 重大立功 

分 类 号：DF718[政治法律—诉讼法学]