长头重型卡车气动减阻优化  

Optimization of the aerodynamic drag reduction of a cab behind engine vehicle

作　　者：张英朝[1] 李昀航 郭子瑜 王国华[1] 张喆[1] 苏畅[1] ZHANG Ying-chao;LI Yun-hang;GUO Zi-yu;WANG Guo-hua;ZHANG Zhe;SU Chang(State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2022年第4期745-753,共9页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11702109,11772140).

摘　　要：以长头重型卡车作为研究对象,进行空气动力学性能的减阻优化。优化分为造型初期的外形优化和后期整车阶段的气动优化,优化过程基于Hyperstudy软件实现形状参数化,通过CFD软件仿真进行气动性能评价,并用两种软件构建出了一个自动化流程,实现长头重型卡车气动外形优化。研究确定了8个需要考虑的设计变量(即遮阳板旋转、发舱盖变形、货箱变形、车头顶部导流罩优化、前轮阻风板优化、侧面导流板优化、货箱处添加侧裙、添加货箱尾部导流装置)进行气动优化设计,最终将该车的气动阻力系数从0.432降低至0.387,相比于Base模型降低了45 counts,降幅达10.4%。In this paper, the cab behind engine vehicles are taken as the research object, and the entire aerodynamic performance optimization is carried out. The optimization is composed of two steps, the initial shape optimization of the molding surface in the early modeling stage and the aerodynamic optimization in the later vehicle stage. The optimization process is based on Hyperstudy software to realize the shape parameterization, and CFD software simulation is used to evaluate the aerodynamic performance. An automatic process was built to realize the aerodynamic shape optimization of cab behind engine vehicles with these two kinds of software. Eight design variables that need to be considered(i.e. sunshield rotation,hood deformation, container deformation, fairing optimization, front wheel baffle optimization, side deflector optimization, side skirt at the container, and rear guide device of the container) were determined for aerodynamic optimization design. Finally, the drag coefficient of the vehicle was reduced from 0.432 to0.387, compared with that of the vehicle base model reduced 45 counts by 10.4%.

关 键 词：车辆工程 长头重型卡车 空气动力学 气动减阻 优化设计 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]