眼动跟踪技术在明式家具满雕靠背造型认知中应用  

Research on backrest modeling of Ming-style furniture with full carving using technology of eye tracking

作　　者：牛晓霆[1] 黄嘉玺 NIU Xiaoting;HUANG Jiaxi(Material Science and Engineering College,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2022年第3期200-206,共7页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572017PZ07);黑龙江省科技创新平台建设项目(DL41320601)。

摘　　要：为探寻明式椅类家具独板满雕靠背的造型审美特点及规律,将实验群体分成专业组与非专业组,利用多元尺度分析及Ward聚类分析法对样本进行筛选后,使用ACT-eyelab眼动仪,结合语义微分5级量化评价表,以3款不同装饰纹样的满面浮雕靠背正面视角图片为样本进行造型特征认知的眼动跟踪实验研究,获得不同专业知识背景的被试者对单一样本的眼动热点图、轨迹图及兴趣区眼动数据。该方法弥补了主观性评价方法的不足,总体上具有较高的准确度。结果表明:不同装饰纹样的满面浮雕靠背存在造型特征认知共性,两组被试者的视觉焦点均集中于靠背板主体纹样所在区域,且关注度最高的区域均位于靠背板的中部及以上居中的位置,说明主体纹样及辅助纹样的位置不是随意选取的,浮雕纹饰的组织构图规律很重要;“专业组”表现出的眼动热度面积较“非专业组”更大,对多个部位均表现出了较高的兴趣。被试者对靠背板的装饰题材、雕刻技法及纹理满意度较高,对造型形态和靠背色彩具有较低的兴趣度,其中以装饰题材的平均值最高;专业组与非专业组均对缠枝双螭龙纹靠背表现出较高喜好度。这为明式家具的传承设计和新中式椅类家具的研发设计提供了可行的参考,并可在后续研究中尝试将眼动与虚拟现实相结合,构建受试者观看明式家具的现实世界或者模拟环境,利用VR技术建立电脑、眼动数据、认知喜好度关注度之间的关系模型,对明式椅类家具的人性化及情感化设计具有重要的指导作用。Aesthetic characteristics and laws of Ming-style chair furniture with single-board and full-carved backrests were explored in this study.The experimental groups were divided into a professional group and a non-professional group.After the multi-scale analysis and Ward cluster analysis were used to screen the samples,three different decorative patterns of full-face relief backrest front view images were taken as samples to carry out the eye tracking experimental research of the recognition of modeling features using ACT-eyelab eye tracker combined with the semantic differentiation five-level quantitative evaluation table.The eye movement heat map,trajectory map and eye movement data of the interest area of the subjects with different professional knowledge backgrounds on a single sample were obtained.This method can address the drawbacks of the subjective evaluation methods,and generally has higher accuracy.The results showed that the full-face relief backrests of different decorative patterns had common recognition of the modeling characteristics.The visual focus of two groups of subjects was concentrated on the area where the main pattern of backrest was located,and the areas with the highest attention were all located in the middle of the backrest and above the middle.It was found that the position of the main pattern and the auxiliary pattern were not randomly selected,and the organization and composition law of the embossed pattern was very important.The “professional group” showed a larger eye movement area than the “non-professional group”,and demonstrated higher interest in multiple parts.Participants had higher satisfaction with the decorative themes,carving techniques and textures of the backrest,and had low interest in the shape and color of the backrest.Among them,the average value of decorative themes was the highest.Both the professional group and the non-professional group showed a higher preference to the backrest with the twining branches and double dragon pattern.This study provided feasi

关 键 词：独板满雕靠背 装饰纹样 眼动跟踪技术 语义微分法 造型认知 

分 类 号：TS657[轻工技术与工程]