噻虫胺对大鼠性腺系统的影响  

Effects of Clothianidin on Gonadal System in Rats

作　　者：魏若瑾 常静[1] 杨璐 潘一帆 刘科阳 刘文涛 王会利[1] 王瀛寰[1] 朱莉飞[3] Wei Ruojin;Chang Jing;Yang Lu;Pan Yifan;Liu Keyang;Liu Wentao;Wang Huili;Wang Yinghuan;Zhu Lifei(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Beijing Fisheries Research Institutes,Beijing 100086,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]北京市水产科学研究所,北京100086

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2022年第2期239-244,共6页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41807478);北京市青年拔尖个人项目(2018000021223ZK34)。

摘　　要：新烟碱类杀虫剂通过与昆虫的烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(nAChR)特异性结合,扰乱昆虫的神经活动,使害虫极度兴奋、麻痹致死。此类杀虫剂对害虫有很强的特异性且对哺乳动物较为安全,已经成为全球应用最广泛的杀虫剂之一。为了评估噻虫胺(clothianidin,CLO)对Sprague-Dawley(SD)雄雌性大鼠性腺系统的毒性影响,将50、150和250 mg·kg^(-1)的CLO分别以经口灌胃的方式连续对大鼠染毒28 d,通过对大鼠性腺组织进行病理学观察,分析CLO在肝、脑、性腺及血清中的分布,分析血液中性激素(睾酮和雌二醇)的含量,探讨CLO对大鼠性腺系统的内分泌干扰作用。结果显示CLO在SD大鼠肝脏和血清中大量蓄积,高剂量组(250 mg·kg^(-1))雄性大鼠的性腺中也有很高蓄积;CLO高剂量染毒(250 mg·kg^(-1))导致雄性大鼠睾丸中生精细胞和曲细精管上皮细胞变性坏死,不同剂量CLO染毒未对雌鼠造成明显的病理损伤;不同染毒剂量均会促进雄鼠性激素(睾酮和雌二醇)分泌,低(50 mg·kg^(-1))、中(150 mg·kg^(-1))剂量CLO染毒对雌鼠性激素无显著影响,而高剂量(250 mg·kg^(-1))染毒会抑制雌鼠性激素(睾酮)分泌。综上所述,3个剂量CLO染毒均对雄性大鼠性腺系统的正常生理功能产生影响,250 mg·kg^(-1)CLO染毒对雌性大鼠性腺具有一定的内分泌干扰作用。CLO可能是潜在的内分泌干扰物。Neonicotinoid insecticides can disrupt the neural activity of insects by specifically binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(nAChR),further causing the insects to become extremely excited and even paralyzed to death.Such insecticides have become one of the most widely used insecticides in the world due to highly specific to insects and relatively safe to mammals.To evaluate the toxic effect of clothianidin(CLO)on the gonadal system of Sprague-Dawley(SD)male and female rats,the endocrine disrupting effect of clothianidin on rats’gonad sys-tem was determined following oral exposure to 50,150 and 250 mg·kg^(-1)CLO for 28 consecutive days.His-topathological changes of the gonads,the distribution of CLO in the liver,brain,gonads and serum,and the chan-ges of sex hormones(testosterone and estradiol)in the blood was studied.The results showed that CLO could ac-cumulate in rat liver and serum.The high accumulation of CLO was also found in the gonad of male rats exposed to high-dose group(250 mg·kg^(-1)).High-dose exposure to CLO(250 mg·kg^(-1))could cause degeneration and nec-rosis of spermatogenic cells and seminiferous tubule epithelial cells in the testes of male rats.No significant patho-logical damage was found in the female rats exposed to CLO.The male rats’sex hormone secretion(testosterone and estradiol)was promoted in all exposure groups.Low(50 mg·kg^(-1))and medium(150 mg·kg^(-1))doses of CLO had no significant effect on female rats’sex hormone secretion,while high dose of CLO(250 mg·kg^(-1))can inhibit female rats’sex hormone secretion(testosterone).In summary,the three doses of CLO exposure could disturb the male rats’physiological functions of the gonadal system,and 250 mg·kg^(-1)CLO exposure had a certain endocrine disrupting effect on the gonadal system of female rats.CLO may be a potential endocrine disruptor.

关 键 词：噻虫胺 大鼠 性腺 内分泌干扰 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]