伦理德性如何以自身为目的--基于亚里士多德《尼各马可伦理学》的考察  

How Ethical Virtue Takes Itself as an End in Itself--Centered on Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics

作　　者：任梓远 Ren Ziyuan

机构地区：[1]复旦大学哲学学院

出　　处：《理论界》2022年第4期59-64,共6页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：在《尼各马可伦理学》中,伦理德性如何以自身为目的?这是一个关键的问题,只有合理地回答了这个问题才能证明伦理德性具有尊严和自身的价值。本文将从以下三个方面来论证:第一,一般的德性既以自身为目的,又以幸福为目的。德性的成长和发展最终导向的是它的完满实现--幸福,在这个过程中,德性实际上也是在实现自身,把灵魂的潜能变成现实。第二,伦理德性追求高贵,这是以自身为目的的一个表现,并与人的感性欲求有关。第三,伦理德性必然伴随并统一于实践智慧。本文将诉诸实践智慧与理论智慧之间的类比关系来说明:虽然实践智慧低于理论智慧,它寻求的仍然是目的之善。In the Nicomachean Ethics,how does the activity of ethical virtue take itself as an end in itself?This is a crucial question,and only by answering this question reasonably can we prove that ethical virtue has dignity and its own value.This paper will demonstrate from the following three aspects:First,the general virtue is not only for its own purpose,but also for happiness.The growth and development of virtue ultimately leads to its perfect realization-happiness.In this process,virtue is realizing itself and turning the potential of soul into reality;Second,ethical virtue pursues nobility,which is a manifestation of its own purpose and is related to people’s sensual desire;Third,ethical virtue must be accompanied and unified with practical wisdom.This paper will appeal to the analogy between practical wisdom and theoretical wisdom to explain that although practical wisdom is lower than theoretical wisdom,it still seeks the goodness of purpose.

关 键 词：伦理德性 实践智慧 目的 幸福 

分 类 号：B1[哲学宗教—世界哲学]