理想Rüchardt振荡的耗散机制  

DISSIPATION MECHANISM OF THE IDEAL RÜCHARDT OSCILLATION

作　　者：侯吉旋 HOU Jixuan(School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189)

机构地区：[1]东南大学物理学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《物理与工程》2022年第1期30-32,共3页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：东南大学教学改革研究与实践项目(2019-074);教育部高等学校物理学类专业教学指导委员会项目;东南大学理科试验班本科教学综合改革项目资助。

摘　　要：在理想Rüchardt实验中,绝热无摩擦的活塞做小幅振荡。通过测量活塞的振荡频率即可测得气体的热容比。由于动力学压强与气体压强并不相同,本文指出理想Rüchardt振荡也存在耗散机制。通过计算得出活塞的振幅随时间呈指数衰减,并给出了振荡频率的修正公式。An adiabatic frictionless piston performs a small-amplitude oscillation around its equilibrium point in an ideal Rüchardt experiment.By measuring the angular frequency of the piston,the specific heat ratio of the enclosed gas can be obtained.However,we point out that the oscillation is damped even under the ideal situation since the dynamic pressure applied by the gas to the piston is different from the bulk pressure of the gas.We find that the amplitude of the piston decays exponentially with time and the corrected formula of the angular frequency is given in this paper.

关 键 词：理想气体 绝热过程 气体动理论 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]