永磁悬浮平台的分散串级控制方法  

Independent Cascade Control Method for Permanent Magnetic Levitation Platform

作　　者：赵川 孙凤[1] 裴文哲 金俊杰[1] 徐方超[1] 张晓友 ZHAO Chuan;SUN Feng;PEI Wenzhe;JIN Junjie;XU Fangchao;ZHANG Xiaoyou(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Nippon Institute of Technology,Saitama 345-8501,Japan)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870 [2]日本工业大学机械工学院,日本埼玉345-8501

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2022年第3期618-626,共9页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52005345,52005344);国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2006701);辽宁省教育厅科学技术研究项目(LFGD2020002,LJGD 2019011);辽宁省“兴辽英才”计划(XLYC1802077,XLYC1905003);辽宁省重点实验室建设项目(2020JH6/10500048)。

摘　　要：针对各悬浮单元磁力特性差异导致的倾斜问题,设计一种用于无接触传送的永磁悬浮平台,提出了具有气隙偏差积分反馈的分散式串级控制方法.首先,分析了悬浮平台的动力学模型与平衡条件,获得各悬浮单元气隙与平台三自由度之间的变换关系;其次,根据悬浮单元系统特点设计了双闭环串级控制系统,外环是以气隙为被控对象的主调节回路,内环是以转角为被控对象的随动回路,并引入气隙偏差进行积分反馈;最后,通过悬浮实验进行验证.结果表明:引入积分反馈后,起浮后各磁悬浮单元气隙一致,向不同位置施加0.1 kg重物,各悬浮单元气隙同步增大0.12 mm;悬浮平台能够通过调节内环转角弥补磁力特性差异并实现偏载下水平悬浮,但系统的调节时间比无积分反馈的分散串级控制系统增加约1.4倍.Aiming at tilt caused by the difference of magnetic characteristics of each MLU(magnetic levitation unit), a permanent magnetic levitation platform is designed for contactless transportation;and an independent cascade control method is presented, which allows integral feedback of air gap deviation. Firstly, the dynamic model and equilibrium conditions of the levitation are analyzed to establish the transformation relationship between the air gap of each suspension unit and three degrees of freedom of the platform. Secondly, given each MLU features, the cascade control system with a double closed-loop is designed, in which the outer loop plays a major regulating role for the air gap, the inner loop works as a follow-up control for the rotation angle, and air gap error among each MLU runs as the integral feedback. Finally, the levitation experiment is conducted to verify the proposed controller. The results show that, when introducing the integral feedback, the air gap of each MLU is the same after levitating, and the air gap increases 0.12 mm synchronously when 0.1 kg of weight is applied to different positions. The platform adjusts the rotational angle to control the difference of magnetic characteristics and fulfill the horizontal levitation under eccentric load. However, the adjusting time of the system is about 1.4times that of the independent cascade control system without integrated feedback.

关 键 词：磁悬浮 PD控制 串级控制系统 积分反馈 

分 类 号：TP271.4[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]