纯电动汽车机电复合制动控制策略分析  

Control strategy analysis of electromechanical composite braking for pure electric vehicles

作　　者：张庆永 朱志亮 ZHANG Qingyong;ZHU Zhiliang(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China)

机构地区：[1]福建工程学院机械与汽车工程学院,福建福州350118

出　　处：《福建工程学院学报》2022年第3期232-238,243,共8页Journal of Fujian University of Technology

基　　金：福建省财政厅资助项目(GY-Z21004)。

摘　　要：为提高电动汽车能量利用率、改善车辆制动效果,依照制动踏板的不同工作状态,设计了一种并联制动控制策略。在制动踏板踩下的复合制动工况,按照相关制动法规对机械制动和再生制动进行合理分配;在滑行制动工况,以能量回收效率为目标函数,运用遗传算法优化电机在不同转速下的最佳制动转矩。分别在典型道路工况和常规制动工况下对该策略进行实车测试,结果表明:在中国轻型汽车行驶工况(CLTC-P)下,该策略的节能贡献度可达25.93%,在滑行制动工况能量回收效率较原车提升64.07%,车辆制动距离也有明显缩减。A parallel braking control strategy was designed based on the different working states of the brake pedal to improve the energy utilization rate and braking effect of electric vehicles.In compound braking conditions,the mechanical braking and regenerative braking were reasonably allocated in accordance with the braking regulations;in coasting braking conditions,the energy recovery efficiency was used as the objective function,and the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the optimal braking torque of the motor at different speeds.Finally,a real vehicle test was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the designed parallel braking control strategy.Test results show that the energy-saving contribution of this strategy can reach 25.93%under the Chinese automotive cycle(CLTC-P),the energy recovery efficiency in the coasting braking condition is increased by 64.07%,and the vehicle braking distance is also significantly shortened.

关 键 词：纯电动汽车 制动效果 制动踏板 能量回收效率 遗传算法优化 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]