多源数据在城市体检中的有机融合与应用——以北京市为例  

Organic Integration and Application of Multi-source Data in City Health Examination: A Case of Beijing

作　　者：何炬 张文忠[1,2] 曹靖 谌丽[3] He Ju;Zhang Wenzhong;Cao Jing;Chen Li(Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,College of Resources and Environment,Beijing 100190,China;College of Applied Arts and Science,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源环境学院,北京100190 [3]北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京100191

出　　处：《地理科学》2022年第2期185-197,共13页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871170,42071215);中国科学院美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项(XDA23100302)资助。

摘　　要：多源数据是当前信息时代下进行城市研究的重要基础和支撑,也是地理学和城市规划学重点研究方向。城市体检作为城市高质量发展背景下的新命题,多源数据在城市体检中的有机融合与科学应用对城市问题的深入剖析及其影响机制的探究中至关重要。从梳理主观和客观两类数据在现有城市研究中的应用出发,结合了2019年、2020年全国城市体检和2018年、2019年、2020年北京城市体检实践工作,探讨了多源数据在城市体检不同空间尺度、不同时间尺度和不同体检维度的应用,辨析了不同数据间的优劣势,提出了多源数据有机融合的方式,并以“城市停车问题”进行案例分析。以期为城市体检中数据应用方式的改进方向提出建议,为城市体检的研究发展提供思路。Multi-source data is an important foundation and support for city research in the current information age. It is also a key research direction of geography and urban planning. City Health Examination is a new proposition under the background of high-quality city development. The organic fusion and scientific application of multi-source data in city health examination are crucial for the in-depth analysis of city problems and the exploration of their impact mechanisms. Starting from combing the application of subjective and objective data in existing city research, it combines the national city health examination in 2019 and 2020 and the practical work of Beijing city health examination in 2018, 2019 and 2020. And explores the application of multisource data in different spatial scales(city-district-street-community), different time scales(year-month-dayhour) and different city health examination dimensions(convenient, inclusive, healthy, orderly, characteristic,safe, livable and dynamic). It points out the scientificity, timeliness, dynamics and refinement of objective data,and recognizes the advantages of strong sample representativeness, strong pertinence and easy processing of subjective data. Finally, this paper proposes the organic integration of multi-source data represented by objective data and subjective data, and shows the case of "urban parking problem in Beijing", which empirically shows the complementarity and combination of different types of data in city health examination research. This paper hopes to provide suggestions for the improvement of data application methods in city health examination,and provide ideas for the research and development of city health examination.

关 键 词：城市体检 多源数据 大数据 社会调查方法 数据融合 

分 类 号：F129.9[经济管理—世界经济]