水分胁迫对赤霞珠葡萄果实品质和甲氧基吡嗪含量的影响  

Effects of water stress on grape quality and content of methoxypyrazines in Cabernet Sauvignon

作　　者：张艳霞 吕丹桂 耿康奇 王宁[2] 王瑞 王振平[2] ZHANG Yanxia;LÜDangui;GENG Kangqi;WANG Ning;WANG Rui;WANG Zhenping(School of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;School of Agricultural,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第6期1017-1028,共12页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-29-zp-03);国家自然科学基金项目(31660551)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究水分胁迫下赤霞珠葡萄果实品质形成及甲氧基吡嗪(MPs)含量的差异。【方法】以9年生赤霞珠为试验材料,对其坐果期至采收期进行9个不同程度的水分胁迫,测定果实品质和MPs含量。【结果】果实中MPs在转色前合成,中度和重度水分胁迫可显著抑制积累,转色后开始降解,且不同种类MPs降解速度不同。完全转色到收获期,2-甲氧基吡嗪(MOMP)和3-甲基-2-甲氧基吡嗪(MEMP)已经降解至检出线以下。在转色前采用中度水分胁迫,转色后采用重度水分胁迫(T5),采收期葡萄果实3-仲丁基-2-甲氧基吡嗪(SBMP)、3-异丙基-2-甲氧基吡嗪(IPMP)和3-异丁基-2-甲氧基吡嗪(IBMP)含量分别比对照降低47.27%、48.18%和44.94%。同时,T5处理下葡萄果实中可溶性固形物含量没有显著升高,总酚、总花色苷和单宁含量分别比对照提高了6.99%、31.17%和20.80%。【结论】坐果期至转色期采用中度水分胁迫处理、转色期至采收期采用重度水分胁迫处理可降低MPs含量,且有利于优质葡萄果实和葡萄酒的产生,研究结果为贺兰山东麓赤霞珠葡萄栽培和水资源高效利用提供理论参考。【Objective】Northwest China is short of water resources.Previous studies have verified that moderate water stress can limit the over growth of the vine canopy,raising the secondary metabolites in berries.Methoxypyrazines(MPs)are one kind of volatile compounds with strong smells of green grass,green pepper and green pea,and the sensory threshold of these compounds is very low.Therefore,the flavor and quality of wine can be negatively affected when the level of MPs in wine is too high.This study aims to explore the MPs content in Cabernet Sauvignon under water stress during the development of the berries in order to optimize water supply in vineyard management.【Methods】The trial was carried out in vintage 2017 from the period of fruit setting to veraison in a farm of Yuquanying in Yinchuan,Ningxia.Nine-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon vines were treated with different water conditions,achieving three levels of leaf water potential,corresponding to mild(-0.2 MPa≥Ψ_(b)≥-0.4 MPa),moderate(-0.4 MPa≥Ψ_(b)≥-0.6 MPa)and severe(Ψ_(b)≤-0.6 MPa)water stresses.In addition,at veraison,each treatment was further subdivided into three water conditions including mild,moderate and severe water stress,forming a total of 9 treatments.with mild-mild as CK.Based on the rainfall and air temperature,the irrigation amount in each group was determined.The value of predawn leaf water potential was used to reflect the degree of water stress.From 20 days after anthesis,samples were taken every 10 days to determine the variations in physicochemical properties and MPs levels during the development.The hundred-grain weight was collected with an balance at precision of 0.0001 g.TSS was determined using a WYT 24 hand-held saccharometer.TA was determined with acid-base titration.The berry tannin level was measured using F-D,and anthocyanin content with differential pH method.3-iso-butyl-2-methoxypyrazine(IBMP),3-iso-propyl-2-methoxypyrazine(IPMP),3-sec-butyl-2-methoxypyrazine(SBMP),2-Methoxypyrazine(MOMP),and 3-methyl-2-methoxypyraz

关 键 词：葡萄 赤霞珠 水分胁迫 甲氧基吡嗪 气相色谱法 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]