融合视觉处理的堤坝水下裂缝检测方法  

Underwater Crack Detection Method of Dam with Visual processing

作　　者：张来胜 李亚萍 ZHANG Lai-sheng;LI Ya-ping(Zhengzhou Human Resources and Social Security Data Management Center,Zhengzhou 450052,China;School of Physics and Electronics,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州市人力资源和社会保障数据管理中心,河南郑州450052 [2]华北水利水电大学物理与电子学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《软件导刊》2022年第6期188-193,共6页Software Guide

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51609086)。

摘　　要：针对水下堤坝裂缝图像存在对比度低、泥沙附着背景噪声大等问题,结合细型线状裂缝和宽型线状裂缝的不同特点,提出了融合视觉处理的水下裂缝检测方法。采用结合Prewitt算子边缘检测的阈值分割算法分割水下图像的细小裂缝,使用形态学处理消除分割后的水下堤坝裂缝二值图像的干扰噪声,提取目标裂缝信息。采用自适应阈值分割方法结合Gamma校正进行多次处理得到水下堤坝裂缝图像的最佳分割阈值,使用形态学处理方法对裂缝二值图像进行连通域提取和空洞填充,得到完整的裂缝二值图像。最后,根据拍摄水下堤坝裂缝图像的相机参数进行标定,估算每个像素点对应的物理尺寸,进而得到堤坝裂缝的特征参数值。相较于现有裂缝检测算法,所提出的检测算法能够在复杂的水下环境中准确、有效地提取完整的水下堤坝出现的细小和宽大的线状裂缝信息,估算出水下堤坝裂缝的长、宽、面积、方向等各项参数值,且具有良好的鲁棒性。Aiming at the problems of low contrast and large background noise of sediment adhesion in underwater dam crack image,combined with the different characteristics of fine linear crack and wide linear crack,an underwater crack detection method based on visual processing is proposed.The threshold segmentation algorithm combined with Prewitt operator edge detection is used to segment the small cracks in the underwater image.The morphological processing is used to eliminate the interference noise of the segmented underwater dam crack binary image and extract the target crack information.The adaptive threshold segmentation method combined with Gamma correction is used for multiple processing to obtain the best segmentation threshold of underwater dam crack image.The morphological processing method is used to extract the connected domain and fill the cavity of the crack binary image to obtain the complete crack binary image.Finally,according to the camera parameters of the underwater dam crack image,the physical size of each pixel is estimated,and then the characteristic parameter value of the dam crack is obtained.Compared with the existing crack detection algorithms,the proposed detection algorithm can accurately and effectively extract the small and wide linear crack information of the complete underwater dam in the complex underwater environment,estimate the length,width,area,direction and other parameters of the underwater dam crack,and has good robustness.

关 键 词：水下图像 图像分割 裂缝检测 自适应阈值分割 形态学处理 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]