技术与技能:产业智能化对员工技能培训的提升效应  

Technology and Skill:Promotion Effect of Industrial Intelligence on Employee Skill Training

作　　者：张双志 Zhang Shuangzhi

机构地区：[1]成都大学师范学院,四川成都610106

出　　处：《企业经济》2022年第6期133-142,共10页Enterprise Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“全球价值链视角下人工智能产业融合的效应与路径研究”(项目编号:20CJY009)。

摘　　要：“人机共生”机制认为新一轮技术进步更加偏爱中高端技能,技能在促进技术扩散的过程中具有提升劳动生产率的重要价值。那么,中国情境下的产业智能化是否提升企业对员工技能培训的投资,需要得到相关数据的检验。鉴于此,文章采用网络爬虫技术所形成的2001-2019年中国制造业上市公司数据,对产业智能化与员工技能培训展开实证研究。研究结果表明:产业智能化具有技能偏向性,即与人工智能融合发展程度越高的产业就越有动力投资员工技能培训。在考虑内生性问题、产业异质性和技术异质性的再检验中,基本回归结果仍然成立,说明研究结论具有较高的可信度。但是由于培训存在搭便车、挖人外因、收益不确定等外部性问题,企业对员工技能培训的投资一直处于低迷状态。基于此,从打好政策套餐“组合拳”、培育产教融合型企业、完善终身职业技能培训制度等方面提出对策建议。Under the " man-machine symbiosis" mechanism,it is believed that the new round of technological progress prefers mid-to-high-end skill,which has an important value in improving labor productivity in the process of promoting technology diffusion.Whether industrial intelligence in the context of China can improve the investment of enterprises in employee skills training needs to be tested by relevant data.In view of this,this paper uses the listed manufacturing companies in China from 2001-2019 formed by web crawler technology to carry out an empirical study on industrial intelligence and employee skill training.The results show that industrial intelligence has skill bias,that is,the higher the degree of integration and development with artificial intelligence,the more incentive to invest in employee skill training.In the retest of considering endogenous problems,industrial and technological heterogeneity,the basic regression result is still valid,indicating that the research conclusion has high reliability.However,due to external problems such as free-riding,poaching,and uncertain income in training,the investment of enterprises in employee skill training has been in a sluggish state.In view of this,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from making a good combination of policy package,cultivating industry and education integration enterprises,and improving the lifelong vocational skill training system.

关 键 词：技能偏向型 产业智能化 员工技能培训 提升效应 

分 类 号：F061[经济管理—政治经济学]