从商人到帮凶:胜间田善作在海南岛活动的多元面相(1896—1940年)  

Specimator, Businessman and Medium:the Multiple Roles of the Activities of Japanese Residents Katsumada-Zensaku in Hainan Island(1896—1940)

作　　者：叶磊 Ye Lei

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系(珠海)

出　　处：《世界历史评论》2022年第1期202-215,296,共15页The World History Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“近代日本编纂中国海洋图志文献整理与研究”(项目编号:19VJX024)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：胜间田善作是日军侵入海南岛以前在岛上长期活动的“唯一之日本人”,探讨此个案有助于我们认识在日本国家影响力相对薄弱的地区,其侨民个体的活动特征。为英国罗斯柴尔德博物馆采集生物标本是胜间田前往海南岛的契机,但其成果对当时日本生物学界的实际影响相对有限。胜间田善作的商业活动契合当时日本对华倾销工业品与掠夺原材料的经济扩张需求,其个人利益与日本的国家政策趋向结合。胜间田长期以来积极协助日本外务省与“台湾总督府”等政府机关处理涉琼事务,中日全面战争爆发后更是直接服务于日军的侵琼作战行动与殖民统治活动。此个案表明,近代以来日本推行的对华扩张政策,使在华侨民的个体性被逐步消解,并最终被统合到日本侵华的历史脉络中。这种统合得以实现的原因,除了国家层面上日本官方的推动,还应包括个体层面上在华侨民自发趋利与主动配合的因应。Katsumada-Zensaku is “the only Japanese resident” who lived in Hainan Island before the Japanese invasion. This case can help us to understand the characteristics of the activities of the Japanese residents without the Japanese national influence. The collection of biological specimens for the Rothschild Museum in the United Kingdom was an opportunity for him to travel to Hainan Island, yet the impact on the Japanese biological community at that time was very limited. His commercial activities were in line with the expansionary demand for Japanese dumping of industrial products and plundering raw materials toward China at that time, and his personal interests were combined with Japan’s national policy. He actively assisted the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan and the “Government-General of Taiwan” to deal with the affairs in Hainan Island, and directly served in the Japanese army’s aggressive and colonial activities. Japanese national policy of mainland expansion has gradually dispelled the individuality of the activities of the Japanese residents in China, and finally integrated it into the context of the invasion to China. In addition to the promotion of the Japanese government, the reason of the integration should also include the response of the spontaneous and preferential cooperation of the Japanese residents.

关 键 词：胜间田善作 海南岛 “台湾总督府” 日本海军 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]