古罗马社会的女性、身体与政治——以莎士比亚笔下的伏伦妮娅形象为中心  

Female,Body and Politics in Ancient Rome:Centering on Volumnia in Coriolanus by Shakespeare

作　　者：于艳平[1] 李伟昉[2] YU Yanping;LI Weifang(Center for British and American Literature Studies,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Center for Shakespeare and Cross-Cultural Studies,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学英美文学研究中心,河南郑州450001 [2]河南大学莎士比亚与跨文化研究中心,河南开封475001

出　　处：《浙江工商大学学报》2022年第3期13-23,共11页Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“莎士比亚戏剧本源系统整理与传承比较研究”(19ZDA294);河南大学创新团队项目“经典阐释与文学文化比较研究”(2019CXTD006)。

摘　　要：普鲁塔克的《希腊罗马名人传》对莎士比亚罗马历史剧《科里奥兰纳斯》有深刻影响。不过,普鲁塔克笔下以母亲和罗马好公民双重身份三次出现在“家”和“敌营”两个空间的伏伦妮娅形象略显单薄,止于一种笼统的静态之美,而莎士比亚笔下以女人、母亲、国家政治的隐性操手三重身份六次显性在场、三次隐性在场的伏伦妮娅,展现出多维空间下的悖论之美,表现出一种理性、欲望、激情与活力交织下的女性动态之变与灵魂之美。莎士比亚从生活真实出发,在广阔的历史背景和富有时代特征的典型环境下通过对伏伦妮娅形象的重塑,反映女性在家庭领域和政治领域的生存现状。他围绕女性—身体—政治这一脉络,通过对伏伦妮娅的隐性政治参与与其家庭教育方式之间关系的想象与构建,将家庭伦理与国家政治有机联系在一起,以彰显其家国同构的思想。Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romansby Plutarch has a profound influence on Shakespeare’s Roman historical playCoriolanus.However,Plutarch’s Volumnia with the double identity of a mother and a good citizen,appearing three times either in “home” or “the enemy’s camp”,tends to manifest a general static beauty.By contrast,Shakespeare’s Volumnia in Coriolanuswith the tri-identity,namely a woman,a mother and an invisible national political manipulator,appearing nine times with six times in dominant presence and three times in absent presence,presents a paradoxical beauty in multi-dimensional space with her dynamic transformation and the beauty of soul interwoven with rationality,desire,passion and vitality.Starting from the reality of life,Shakespeare refashioned the image of Volumnia within the broad historical background and social surroundings typical of his times and reflected the contemporary situation of women in the domestic and political fields.Through the imagination and construction of the relationship between Volumnia’s implicit political participation and her way of family education,Shakespeare organically associated family ethics with national politics to highlight his idea of the isomorphism of family and country.

关 键 词：《希腊罗马名人传》 《科里奥兰纳斯》 伏伦妮娅 家庭伦理 政治 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]