碳达峰、碳中和目标下碳排放权的权利构造与应然理路  

The Right Structure and Rational Way of Carbon Emission Right under the Goal of Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutralization

作　　者：杨博文 YANG Bowen(College of Humanities and Social Development,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学人文与社会发展学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《河海大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第3期91-98,116,共9页Journal of Hohai University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(21YJC820045);江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学研究专题项目(2021SJA0067);江苏省社会科学应用研究精品工程课题(21SYC-090)。

摘　　要：我国在碳达峰、碳中和目标下,出台了《碳排放权交易管理办法(试行)》,并将碳排放权定义为分配给控排主体在规定期间的碳排放额度。针对碳排放权的属性界定问题,学界的准物权说、用益物权说、规制权说均难以很好地解释实践。碳排放权在二级市场交易过程中的存在形式是数据,所产生的货币价值决定了其具有新型财产权的法律属性。在权利理论体系中,应当将碳排放权界定为“数据产权”,明确其作为数据财产在交易过程中的收益,厘清“碳排放权”与“碳配额”之间的关系,实现碳排放权作为“数据产权”承载交易主体的生态利益和经济利益,满足碳排放权交易过程中气候正义的价值诉求。Under the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization in China, the orderly operation of carbon market has become an important way to reduce emissions by economic tools. China has issued Measures for the Administration of Carbon Emissions Trading( for Trial Implementation), and defined carbon emission rights as the carbon emission quota allocated to key GHG emitters in the specified period. In view of the definition of the attribute of carbon emission right, the quasi real right theory, usufructuary right theory and regulation right theory in academic circles are difficult to explain and practice well. The existence form of carbon emission rights in the secondary market transaction process is data, and the resulting monetary value determines its legal attribute of new property rights. In the theoretical system of rights, we should define carbon emission rights as “ data property rights”, clarify their benefits as data property in the trading process, clarify the relationship between “carbon emission rights” and “carbon quotas”, realize the ecological and property interests of carbon emission rights as “data property rights”, and meet the value demands of climate justice under the carbon emission trading.

关 键 词：碳排放权 碳达峰 碳中和 数据产权 准物权 权利构造 碳配额 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F832.5[经济管理—金融学]