新闻评论中批判性态度的话语建构  

The Discursive Construction of Critical Attitudes in News Commentaries

作　　者：冯德正[1] 苗兴伟[2] FENG Dezheng;MIAO Xingwei(The Hong Kong Polytechnic University;Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]香港理工大学 [2]北京师范大学外国语言文学学院

出　　处：《现代外语》2022年第2期158-168,共11页Modern Foreign Languages

摘　　要：新闻评论中作者借助批判性态度对错误的思想和言行进行系统分析,以实现有理有据的批驳。本文提出分析批判性态度建构的理论框架,包括语义系统与表达策略。基于该框架,本文详细阐释了2019年底《人民日报》与新华社新闻评论对香港暴力示威者和美国政客进行批判与揭露的话语策略。分析发现,新闻评论有效揭露了香港示威者的暴力恐怖行为和美国支持暴力的丑恶行径,深刻阐释了美国的霸权本质,妄图遏制中国发展的险恶目的,以及注定失败的结果。新闻评论通过显性评价、修辞手法、语义增强、认知反差、细节铺陈等话语策略引发读者的批判性态度共鸣。研究指出,在当前复杂的国际环境中,对敌对势力和错误言行进行有理有力的批判对于形成社会共识,增强民族凝聚力具有重要意义。Critical attitudes involve the systematic analysis of wrong ideas and behaviors so as to achieve the purpose of effective refutation.This article proposes a theoretical framework to analyze the discursive construction of critical attitudes,including its semantic system and ways of expression.Based on this framework,we elucidated the discursive strategies used by the news commentaries from People’s Daily and Xinhua News Agency in the end of 2019 to criticize the violent protesters in Hong Kong and American politicians.Analysis shows that the commentaries effectively revealed the violence and terror committed by protesters,as well as the United States’despicable support of violence.The commentaries explicated the hegemonic essence of American policies,exposed its vicious purpose of containing China’s development,and predicted that it is doomed to fail.Rich discursive strategies,such as explicit evaluation,figures of speech,semantic enhancement,cognitive contrast,and highlighting details were used to arouse empathy from readers.It is pointed out that in the current international environment,proper and effective rebuttal is important for forming social consensus and enhancing national solidarity.

关 键 词：批判性态度 话语建构 话语权 新闻评论 评价系统 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]