汉语孤独谱系障碍儿童早期特殊疑问句习得的眼动研究  

Early Acquisition of Wh-Questions in Mandarin-Exposed Children with ASD:Evidence from Intermodal Preferential Looking

作　　者：苏怡[1] 肖洁 Letitia R.Naigles[3] SU Yi;XIAO Jie;Letitia R.Naigles(Central South University;Xiamen University;University of Connecticut)

机构地区：[1]中南大学外国语学院 [2]厦门大学 [3]康涅狄格大学

出　　处：《现代外语》2022年第2期183-194,共12页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“汉语自闭症学前儿童词汇-语义核心原则习得追踪研究”(20BYY086)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本研究采用多通道优先注视范式眼动实验对比了36名3~6岁孤独谱系障碍(ASD)儿童和28名1~3岁典型发展(TD)儿童的早期特殊疑问句习得。结果表明TD儿童可高效稳定地理解宾语特殊疑问句和主语特殊疑问句,而ASD儿童对特殊疑问句的理解比TD儿童显著延迟,且仅理解了宾语特殊疑问句,对主语特殊疑问句的理解存在困难。跨语言对比研究表明汉语ASD儿童与英语ASD儿童早期特殊疑问句的习得模式相似,对宾语特殊疑问句的习得均比主语特殊疑问句更具优势。研究结果表明不同语言ASD儿童的特殊疑问句习得遵循典型发展轨迹,受到普遍语法WH-移位原则和参数的制约,提示人类语言习得机制对ASD儿童核心语法习得的可能贡献。同时,研究也为多通道优先注视眼动装置在汉语学龄前ASD儿童语言评估中的应用提供了依据。Using the eye movement method of Intermodal Preferential Looking(IPL)paradigm,this study compared the acquisition of wh-questions in 363~6-year-old Mandarin-exposed children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and 281~3-year-old typically developing(TD)children.The results showed that Mandarin-exposed TD children displayed an efficient and stable comprehension of both the object and subject wh-questions,whereas children with ASD exhibited delayed comprehension of object wh-questions,but not subject wh-questions.Cross-linguistic comparison revealed similar subject-object asymmetries in the acquisition of wh-questions in both Chinese-exposed and English-exposed children with ASD.Across languages,the acquisition of wh-questions in children with ASD seems to follow typical developmental patterns,which are regulated by the WH-Movement in Universal Grammar(UG).Thus,the findings provided evidence for the possible contribution of the Language Acquisition Device(including the UG principles and parameters),to the acquisition of core grammatical structures in children with ASD.Moreover,the study supported the applicability of the IPL paradigm in facilitating early language evaluation of Mandarin-exposed children with ASD.

关 键 词：孤独谱系障碍儿童 特殊疑问句 普遍语法原则和参数 语言习得机制 多通道优先注视 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]