当代西方左翼学者资本主义现代性批判的三重维度  

Triple Dimensions of Contemporary Western Left-Wing Scholars’ Critique on Capitalist Modernity

作　　者：韩秋红[1] Han Qiuhong

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学马克思主义学部,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《马克思主义研究》2022年第3期140-147,156,共9页Studies on Marxism

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“当代西方资本主义批判理论的新进展研究”(20JZD008)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当代西方左翼学者主要从异化现象批判、革命主体重识、解放道路重建三重维度进行资本主义现代性批判。第一,他们批判资本主义运行机制下被加速、被管控、被合法化的数字异化危机,提出“新异化”这一当代现代性现象。第二,他们重新认识革命主体的历史形象。他们既反对经典马克思主义认知范式中的无产阶级,又拒斥后现代主义的原子式个体,企图在无根的身份确证与无限的价值冲突之间寻找平衡点,构筑由多元文化群体组成的利益共同体。第三,他们将变革资本主义制度的使命与打造新共产主义社会的任务寄予上述利益共同体,将基于文化价值认同的群际联盟通过打破身份边界的政治斗争不断挑战统治秩序的新社会运动视为解放途径。当代西方左翼学者在批判资本主义现代性的同时,体现出对资本主义的暧昧态度和对马克思主义基本立场、原则、方法的背离,这是其无法为资本主义现代性危机求得科学解放道路的重要原因。Contemporary left-wing scholars in the West have mainly critiqued capitalist modernity from three dimensions: critique of alienation phenomenon,re-recognization of the revolutionary subject,and reconstruction of the road to liberation. First,they criticize the crisis of digital alienation,which is accelerated,controlled and legitimized under the capitalist operating mechanism,and put forward “new alienation”as a contemporary modernity phenomenon. Second,they re-recognize the historical image of the revolutionary subject. They reject both the proletariat in the cognitive paradigm of the classical Marxism and the postmodernist atomic individual,attempt to find a balance between rootless identity verification and infinite value conflicts,and construct a community of interests composed of multicultural groups. Third,they place the mission of transforming the capitalist system and the task of creating a new communist society on the aforementioned community of interests,and take the new social movements as a way of liberation,in which the intergroup alliances based on cultural value identity constantly challenge the ruling order through political struggles of breaking down identity boundaries. While criticizing capitalist modernity,contemporary Western left-wing scholars exhibit an ambiguous attitude toward capitalism and a deviation from the basic positions and principles of Marxism,which is an important reason for their inability to find a scientific path of liberation for the crisis of capitalist modernity.

关 键 词：资本主义 现代性批判 异化 新共产主义 

分 类 号：D033.3[政治法律—政治学]