明末科技翻译之思想史意义发微——以汉译《几何原本》为考察对象  

The Significance of the Thought History of Scientific and Technological Translation in the Late Ming Dynasty:Taking the Chinese Translation of Ji He Yuan Ben as the Research Object

作　　者：张必胜 ZHANG Bisheng

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学教育学院

出　　处：《中国外语》2022年第3期95-103,共9页Foreign Languages in China

基　　金：国家社科基金资助项目“明清西方数学词语汉译用字的历史研究”(编号:21BYY002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明末西方传教士来华进行传教活动的同时也进行科技翻译活动,将诸多西方科技经典著作引入我国。其中,以徐光启和利玛窦合作翻译的欧几里得《几何原本》最为知名,该译著的翻译出版标志着中国科技翻译进入了一个崭新的历史阶段。同时,译著《几何原本》带来了崭新的西方逻辑演绎体系,这种科学思想对明末以来的中国科学产生了深远的影响。明末的科技翻译思想,以徐光启的“翻译—会通—超胜”科技翻译思想为核心。本文通过解析徐光启和利玛窦合作翻译《几何原本》来厘清明末科技翻译思想的主要内容和特点,最终得出科学态度引领科技翻译、文化融合助推科技翻译、科学思想渗透科技翻译等是明末科技翻译活动顺利完成的重要理论体系这一结论。同时,这对当下的科技翻译和翻译教育也具有非常重要的借鉴意义。In the late Ming Dynasty,when Western missionaries conducted missionary activities in China,they also carried on scientific and technological translation,which introduced a large number of Western scientific and technological classics into the country.Among them,the most famous is Euclid’s Ji He Yuan Ben co-translated by Xu Guangqi and Matteo Ricci.The publication of this translation marks the beginning of a new historical period of China’s scientific and technological translation.At the same time,the translation of Ji He Yuan Ben brought a fresh logical deduction system from the West to China.Since the end of the Ming Dynasty,these thoughts on scientific and technological translation,centered on Xu Guangqi’s“translation-integrationsurpassing”,have had a profound impact on Chinese science.This study clarifies the main content and characteristics of scientific and technological translation thoughts in the late Ming Dynasty by investigating Ji He Yuan Ben co-translated by Xu Guangqi and Matteo Ricci,and finally draws the conclusion—scientific and technological translation guided by scientific attitudes,driven by cultural integration and infiltrated by scientific thoughts is an important theoretical system for the success of science and technology translation activities in the late Ming Dynasty.Additionally,this study is also of important reference significance for scientific and technological translation and translation education in the late Ming Dynasty and even the contemporary era.

关 键 词：明末科技翻译 思想史 《几何原本》 会通 超胜 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]